Week 12 - Wrist and Hand

Question 1

Bones of the forearm and wrist joint

Answer 1

• ulna
• radius
• proximal row of
  carpal bones

Question 2

DISTAL RADIOULNAR JOINT

Type of joint, components, how many axes and movements

Answer 2

Synovial pivot joint

Components
- Head of ulna
- Ulnar notch of radius
- Triangular articular disc

Uniaxial
- pronation
- supination

Question 3

WRIST (RADIOCARPAL) JOINT

Type of joint, ligaments, how many axes and movements

Answer 3

Synovial condyloid joint

Ligaments
- Palmar radiocarpal
- Dorsal radiocarpal
- (Distal) Ulnar collateral
- (Distal) Radial collateral

Movements
- flexion-extension
- radial-ulnar deviation

Question 4

8 Carpal bones and mnemonic

Answer 4

So long to pinky, here comes the thumb

Proximal carpal - Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

Distal carpal - hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

Question 5

Joints of the hand and type of joint

Answer 5

Radiocarpal joint - condyloid joint

Intercarpal joint - plane joint

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb - saddle

Metacarpophalangeal joint - condyloid

Interphalangeal joint of thumb - hinge

P. and D. interphalangeal joint - hinge

Question 6

Ligaments of the hand

Answer 6

Radial collateral ligament, ulnar collateral ligament

Interphalangeal anterior
palmar/volar ligament (plate)

Interphalangeal sides
collateral ligaments

Deep transverse metacarpal ligament between digits 2-5 at metacarpalphalangeal joint

Question 7

Palmar ligament function

Collateral ligament function

Answer 7

• reinforces capsule anteriorly
• prevents hyperextension
• prevents excessive movements into add. and abd.

Question 8

Carpal tunnel
9 structures pass through?

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 8

Median nerve, tendons of FDP and FDS

Inflammation of the synovial sheath, compression of the median nerve

Question 9

Movements of the thumb

Answer 9

Abduction, adduction, extension, flexion, opposition, reposition

Question 10

Regions of the hand

Answer 10

Thenar (thumb), hypothenar (medial), midpalmar

Question 11

Extrinsic muscles of thumb

Answer 11

EPL, EPB, APL, FPL

Question 12

Intrinsic muscles of the hand

Answer 12

*Much stronger than extrinsics
*Thenar muscles
*Hypothenar muscles
*Adductor pollicis
*Lumbricals
*Interossei

Question 13

What are the tendon sheaths for in the hand?

Answer 13

– Nutrition
– Gliding

Question 14

MUSCLES OF THE HAND - SUPERFICIAL

Answer 14

Abductor digiti minimi, Palmar brevis, Palmaris longus tendon, 1st Lumbrical, Flexor pollicis brevis, Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 15

MUSCLES OF THE HAND - MIDDLE

Answer 15

Hypothenar region - Flexor digiti minimi brevis, Opponens digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, flexor retinaculum

Thenar region - flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis

Midpalmar region - Lumbricals

Question 16

MUSCLES OF THE HAND - DEEP

Answer 16

Hypothenar region - opponens digiti minimi

Midpalmar region - adductor pollicis, lumbricals (1-4), Dorsal interossei (1-4), palmar interossei (1-3)

Question 17

Nerve supply - thenar, hypothenar, mid palmar

Answer 17

Thenar muscles - Median nerve

Mid palmar - Median nerve & (deep branch of) Ulnar nerve

Hypothenar - (deep branch of) Ulnar nerve

Question 18

Look at peripheral and dermatome distribution

Answer 18

Slide 34