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ANATOMY > WEEK 13 (Muscles of the upper limb) > Flashcards

WEEK 13 (Muscles of the upper limb) Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscles connect the Scapula and Clavicle to the trunk?

A
  • Trapezius
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Rhomboids
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2
Q

Which muscles connect the Scapula and body wall to the proximal end of the Humerus?

A
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Teres major
  • Deltoid
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3
Q

What are the Rotator cuff muscles?

A
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Subscapularis
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4
Q

How is the anterior compartment of the arm separated from muscles of the posterior compartment?

A
  • Humerus and Medial & Lateral Intermuscular septa
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5
Q

How is the anterior and posterior compartments separated in the forearm?

A
  • Lateral intermuscular septum
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Interosseous membrane
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6
Q

What is the main function of the muscles in the arm?

A

To move the forearm at the elbow joint

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7
Q

What is the main function of the muscles in the forearm?

A

To move the hand at the wrist joint and the fingers & thumb

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8
Q

Muscles of the Anterior forearm are ____________

A

FLEXORS

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9
Q

Muscles of the Posterior forearm are _____________

A

EXTENSORS

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10
Q

What are the most superficial muscles of the shoulder?

A

Trapezius & Deltoid muscles

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11
Q

What do the Trapezius and the Deltoid attach to?

A

Trapezius attaches the scapula and clavicle to the trunk

Deltoid attaches the scapula and clavicle to the humerus

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12
Q

Which three muscles attach the scapula to the vertebral column?

A
  • Levator scapulae
  • Rhomboid minor
  • Rhomboid major
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13
Q

What is the function of the Trapezius?

A
  • Powerful elevator of the scapula
  • Rotates the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal
  • Retraction of scapula
  • Depression of scapula
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14
Q

What is the function of the Deltoid?

A
  • Major abductor of arm
  • Clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm
  • Posterior fibers assist in extending the arm
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15
Q

What is the function of the Levator scapulae?

A

Elevates the scapulae

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16
Q

What is the function of the Rhomboid major & minor?

A

Elevates and retracts the scapula

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17
Q

What is the function of the Supraspinatus?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscle
  • Abduction of the glenohumeral joint
  • Stabilisation of the glenohumeral joint
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18
Q

What are the four muscles in the Posterior scapular region?

A
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Teres major
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19
Q

What is the function of Rotator cuff muscles?

A

To stabilise the glenohumeral joint

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20
Q

What is the function of the Infraspinatus?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscle
  • Lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint
  • Stabilisation of glenohumeral joint
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21
Q

What is the function of the Teres minor muscle?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscle
  • Lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint
  • Stabilisation of glenohumeral joint
22
Q

What is the function of the Teres major muscle?

A
  • Adducts
  • Medially rates shoulder joint
23
Q

What is the function of the Long head of triceps brachii?

A
  • Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
  • Accessory adductor and extensor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
24
Q

What is the function of the Pectoralis Major?

A
  • Flexion
  • Adduction
  • Medial rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint
25
Q

What is the difference in the functions of the two heads of the Pectoralis major?

A

Clavicular head = flexion of extended ar
Sternocostal head = extension of flexed arm

26
Q

What is the function of the Subclavius?

A
  • Pulls tip of shoulder down
  • Pulls clavicle medially to stabilise sternoclavicular joint
27
Q

What is the function of the Pectoralis minor?

A
  • Pulls tip of shoulder down
  • Protracts scapula
28
Q

What is the function of the Subscapularis?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscle
  • Medial rotation of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
29
Q

What is the function of the Latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Adduction
  • Medial rotation
  • Extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
30
Q

What is the function of the Biceps brachii?

A
  • Flexor of the forearm at elbow joint
  • Supinator of the forearm
  • Accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
31
Q

What is the function of the Coracobrachialis?

A
  • Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
  • Adductor of arm
32
Q

What is the function of the Brachialis?

A

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

33
Q

What is the function of the Flexor carpi ulnas?

A

Flexes and adducts at wrist joint

34
Q

What is the function of the Palmaris longus?

A

Flexes wrist joint

35
Q

What is the function of the Flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexes and abducts the wrist

36
Q

What is the function of the Pronator Teres?

A

Pronation

37
Q

What is the function of the Flexor digitorum (deep & superficial)?

A
  • Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers
  • Flex metacarpophalngeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint
38
Q

What is the function of the Flexor policies longus?

A
  • Flexes interphalangeal joint of the thumb
  • Flex metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
39
Q

What is the function of the Pronator quadratus?

A

Pronation

40
Q

What is the function of the Brachioradialis?

A

Accessory flexor of elbow joint when forearm is midpronated

41
Q

What is the function of the Extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

42
Q

What is the function of the Extensor digitorum?

A
  • Extends the index, middle, ring and little fingers
  • Extends the wrist
43
Q

What is the function of the Extensor digiti minimi?

A

Extends the little finger

44
Q

What is the function of the Extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Extends and adducts the wrist

45
Q

What is the function of the Anconeus?

A
  • Muscle of the elbow
  • Abduction of the ulna in pronation
  • Accessory extensor of the elbow joint
46
Q

What is the function of the Supinator?

A

Supination

47
Q

What is the function of the Abductor pollicis longus?

A
  • Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb
  • Accessory extensor of the thumb
48
Q

What is the function of the Extensor Indicis?

A

Extends index finger

49
Q

What is the function of the Palmaris brevis?

A

Improves grip

50
Q

What is the function of the Dorsal interossei?

A

Abduction of index, middle and ring fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints

51
Q

What is the function of the Palmae interossei?

A

Adduction of the thumb, index, ring and little fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints

52
Q

What is the function of the Lumbricals?

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints

ANATOMY (13 decks)

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