Week 2 Flashcards
(29 cards)
drug movement to the body?
primarily - blood stream
lymph
spinal fluid
smaller molecules diffuse faster? T or F
T
3 ways across cell barriers
direct penetration of lipid membrane
diffusion through aqueous pores
carriers
ADMET
absorption - entry into the body distribution - to the site of action metabolism - chemical changes elimination - removal from body toxicity - effect other than desired
rate of absorption; fastest to slowest
liquids - tablets/capsules with enteric coat - slow release tablets
enteral routes
oral - absorbed from stomach to intestine but mostly in small intestine
sublingual
rectal
parental routes
IV, IM, SC, inhalation, topical
amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation and arrives at the target tissues
bioavailability
the more bound a drug is, the more efficient it is? T or F
F
most important drug binding protein
albumin
important influencing factor for distribution?
protein bound
factors affecting protein binding
Anorexia or not eating enough
liver damage
dysfunctional kidney
Drugs with ___ lipid solubility and ___ plasma binding capabilities have ___ volumes of distribution
high. low. higher
what type of medication is better in distribution?
fat soluble
where does elimination occur?
renal - kidney biliary - bile expired air swear and saliva breast milk
any small molecule that binds to a specific cell site
ligand or drug
these are like locks in a door
receptor
transient blockade and can reverse agonists effect
competitive antagonists
drug targets
receptors, ion channels, enzymes, transport blockers
location of drug targets
nervous system - centra and peripheral nervous system
when drug is producing an outcome or maximum response a drug can produce regardless of dose
drug efficacy
when drug required to give same response or how much drug must be administered to produce a desired response
drug potency
conferred by ability to bind to active site of specific receptors
drug selectivity
why do drug responses vary?
body weight and composition disease states placebo effect tolerance co-morbidities diet failure to take medication as prescribed age gender
