Week 2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
4 Types of Immunity
Innate, Active/ Acquired, Passive, Community
Innate Immunity
Innate immune system
Active/ Acquired Immunity
Adaptive Immune system.
Natural Active Immunity
Infection
Artificial Active Immunity
Vaccination
Passive Immunity
When activated T cells/ Antibodies are transferred to someone who doesn’t have it. Immediate protection, but no memory.
Natural Passive Immunity
Antibodies through mother’s breast milk/ placenta
Artificial Passive Immunity
Infusion
Community Immunity
Herd immunity or cocooning.
Hypersensitivity Vs Allergy
Hypersensitivity: Immune response
Allergy: Symptom
Type 1 Hypersensitivity
Immediate response after exposure. (IgE)
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
Cytotoxic reactions. (Healthy cells die in response/ Immune system too good)
Type 3 Hypersensitivity
Antigens and Antibodies form complexes
Type 4 Hypersensitivity
Cell mediated upon contact with antigen. No antibodies.
Treatments for Allergies
Avoidance, Antihistamines, immunotherapies, allergy shots. For anaphylaxis, epinephrine.
Risk Factors for autoimmune diseases
Genetics/ biological sex (female)
Hygiene Theory
As infectious diseases increase in an area, autoimmune diseases decrease.
Treatment for Autoimmune Diseases
Immunosuppressives drugs, or hormone replacement.
Primary Immunodeficiency
Genetics
Secondary Immunodeficiency
Natural as age increases, (immunosenescence), malnutrition, problems with organs (thymus), alcohol etc.
What are vaccines made of?
Activated ingredients, preservatives and stabilizers, water, and some contain aluminum.
How are Vaccines injected?
Oral, intranasal, subcutaneous, intramuscular.
Types of Vaccines (
Inactive, live attenuated, mRNA, Toxoid, subunit/recombinant/polysaccharide/conjugate, Vector, DNA
