Week 2

Question 1

Erythema

Answer 1

(Air-ih-theema)
Superficial reddening of the skin (can happen with strains, sprains, dislocations, and fractures)

Question 2

Ecchymosis

Answer 2

(Eck-ih-mo-sis)
The spread of blood underneath the skin causing a minor bruise. Common with strains and sprains, but can also be associated with dislocation and fractures.

Question 3

Hematoma

Answer 3

A bad bruise (worse than ecchymosis).

Question 4

Crepitation

Answer 4

A crackling sound made in breathing by a person with an inflamed lung, detected using a stethoscope.

Question 5

Closed (simple), In-Line Fracture

Answer 5

There is a break in the bone’s cortex, but the skin over the injury site is intact; the bones are in proper anatomical alignment; and there is no open wound.

Question 6

Closed Angulated Fracture

Answer 6

There is a break in the cortex, and the bone ends are angulated and not in anatomical alignment. Angulated fractures can be closed or open.

Question 7

Open (compound) fracture

Answer 7

A fracture with an associated open wound—a break in the skin at the fracture site—with or without bone ends showing through the skin.

Question 8

Advanced Spinal Assessment

Answer 8

1. Reliability
2. No distracting pain
3. No signs or symptoms
4. Range of motion test

Question 9

Head trauma

Answer 9

With change in LOC and increasing intracranial pressure.

Question 10

Facial trauma

Answer 10

All kinds of nasty fractures, some that interfere with the patients airway.

Question 11

Chest trauma

Answer 11

Many complex injury scenarios, some that can interfere with breathing or circulation.

Question 12

Pelvic trauma

Answer 12

Dangerous fractures that can cause severe internal bleeding and hypovolemic shock.

Question 13

Abdominal trauma

Answer 13

Lots of stuff that can go wrong, from nausea and vomiting to blunt and penetrating trauma.

Question 14

C.H.E.S.T.

Answer 14

C - crepitation
H - hemorrhage
E - equal respiratory motion
S - sucking chest wound
T - tenderness