Week 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Give all 5 examples of the bones.
Give example where it is found in the body.
Long bone- (thigh bone) femur
Sesamoid Bone- Patella (knee cap)
Flat bone- hip
Irregular Bone-vertebrae
Short Bone-tallus
What is spongy bone?
What is medulla cavity?
What is compact bone?
Spongy bone- Cancellous tissue and is found at the ends of long bone
Medulla cavity- Hollow part of the bone containing bone marrow.
Compact bone- Dense outer layer of bones
What are the 2 long bones in the leg called? Where are they found?
Tibia and Fibula.
Tibia- medial side of the leg and fibula is lateral side
Name the 7 bones in the foot.
Cuneiforms
Navicular
Talus
Calcaneus
Cuboid
Metartarsal
Phalanges
How many cuneiforms are they? what are they?
How many metartarsals are they?
How many phalanges are they? what is the order from top of toe?
3 cuneiforms. medial, intermediate and lateral
5 metartarsals
14 phalanges
Distal, medial and proximal
Name 3 types of muscles.
Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac
List a thing about the skeletal muscle.
What is the function of the skeletal muscle? (2)
What is muscular contraction?
Skeletal:
Striped under microscope.
Function: contracts and relaxes by conscious controlled body movement.
To produce movement not all fibres are activated.
Muscular contraction- applies force to bones which results in movement.
Name 3 types of muscular contraction.
Concentric contraction, Isometric contraction and Eccentric contraction.
What occurs at Concentric contraction?
Muscle shortening, acceleration and lower force generated
What occurs at eccentric contraction?
Muscle lengthening, deceleration and high force generated
What occurs at isometric contraction?
Muscle length remains the same, Associated with holding a load.
The muscle force is equal to the load
What is the way to remember muscle contraction?
A
B
C
D
E
Acceleration (shortening)
B
Concentric
Deceleration (lengthening)
Eccentric
What do tendons do?
Description?
Thickness and Lengths?
Are Tendons weak or strong?
Do tendons have a good or poor blood supply.
Are they flexible or not?
Tendons attach muscle to bone.
Description- Tough white fibrous cords.
There are different lengths and thickness.
Tendons are stronger than muscles.
They have a poor blood supply.
Tendons are flexible
Name a tendon in the foot? Where is it located?
Achilles Tendon, located back of the leg.
What is the layer that covers the achilles tendon called?
Paratenon is between the epitenon and sheath.
What is the function of the layer covering the achilles tendon?
Protects the achilles tendon and reduces friction.
What is Aponeurosis? Where can it be found?
Sheath of connective tissue that helps connect your muscles to your bones.
Bottom of the feet.
Where do muscles attach?
Attachment – muscle fibres do not attach directly to bone, but the fibrous tissue, the epimysium, extends beyond the fibres to form a tendon or aponeurosis
What is a fossa?
A depression in a bone
What is a epicondyle?
Epicondyle is a projection above an articulating surface of bone
What is a sulcus?
A sulcus is a groove or depression between parts
