Week 2 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are ED50?
ED50 is the concentration of a drug that induces a specified clinical effect in 50% of subjects.
What is TD50
TD50 (or LD50) is the concentration of the drug that induces a toxic effect (or death) in 50% of subjects.
What is a natural ligand?
Hormones, neurotransmitters, and neuropeptides
What is the difference between a binding curve and a dose-response curve?
A binding curve shows the affinity of a drug to a receptor, while a dose-response curve measures the functional effect of a drug at different concentrations.
What are the two types of plots used for receptor occupancy?
Receptor occupancy can be visualized using linear and semi-logarithmic plots
What is the dissociation constant (Kd)?
The dissociation constant (Kd) is a measure of how well a ligand interacts with its receptor. It is the ratio of the equilibrium concentrations of free ligand and receptor, and the ligand-receptor complex.
How is Kd related to the binding curve?
Kd can be found at the half of the fraction bound on a binding curve
What is the eudismic ratio?
The eudismic ratio describes the difference in pharmacological activity between the two enantiomers of a drug
What is stereoselectivity in drug action?
Stereoselectivity in drug action means that some stereoisomers of a drug can influence the function of their receptors, while others cannot
What is stereochemistry?
Stereochemistry is the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in molecules.
What is the first step in drug-receptor interaction?
The first step in drug-receptor interaction is the binding of the drug (ligand) to the receptor
What are the two steps required for drug action?
Drug action occurs when:
1. a drug interacts with its receptor,
2. the function of the receptor is influenced by the interaction
What are the four types of intermolecular interactions relevant to drug-receptor binding?
The four types of intermolecular interactions are: covalent bonds, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and Van der Waals (hydrophobic) interactions
