Week 2

Question 1

The process whereby a radiographic image is created by variations in absorption and transmission of the exiting x-ray beam is known as ________________.

Answer 1

attenuation

Question 2

Which of the following processes occur during the x-ray beam interaction with tissue?

1. Absorption
2. Photon transmission
3. Scattering

Answer 2

1, 2, and 3

Question 3

The ability of an x-ray photon to remove an atom’s electron is a characteristic known as ________________.

Answer 3

ionization

Question 4

The x-ray interaction responsible for absorption is ________________.

Answer 4

photoelectric

Question 5

The x-ray interaction responsible for scattering is ________________.

Answer 5

Compton

Question 6

Remnant radiation is composed of which of the following?

1. Transmitted radiation
2. Absorbed radiation
3. Scattered radiation

Answer 6

1 and 3 only

Question 7

What interaction causes unwanted exposure to the image, known as fog?

Answer 7

Compton

Question 8

Which of the following factors would affect beam attenuation?

1. Tissue atomic number
2. Beam quality
3. Fog

Answer 8

1 and 2 only

Question 9

The high brightness areas on a radiographic image are created by ________________.

Answer 9

transmitted radiation

Question 10

An anatomic part that transmits the incoming x-ray photon would create an area of ________________ on the radiographic image.

Answer 10

high brightness

Question 11

The process of creating a radiographic image by differential absorption varies for film-screen and digital imaging.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Which attribute(s) of a radiographic image affect(s) the visibility of sharpness?

A. Distortion

B. Contrast

C. Brightness

D. B and C

Answer 12

B and C

Question 13

A radiographic image with many shades of gray but few differences among them is said to have ________________.

Answer 13

low contrast

Question 14

Which of the following is defined as the range of exposure intensities that an image receptor can accurately detect?

Answer 14

Dynamic range

Question 15

Fluoroscopy uses a continuous beam of x-rays to create images of moving internal anatomic structures.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What creates a radiographic image?

Answer 16

Differential absorption of primary x-rays interacting with tissues of varying composition.

Question 17

What is beam attenuation?

Answer 17

Loss of energy from the primary x-ray beam as it interacts with anatomic tissues.

Question 18

What can x-rays do to atoms?

Answer 18

Eject electrons (ionization) from atoms within anatomic tissue.

Question 19

What are the three primary processes of x-ray interaction?

Answer 19

Absorption, transmission, and scattering.

Question 20

What causes total absorption of an x-ray photon?

Answer 20

Photoelectric effect.

Question 21

What causes scattering of an x-ray photon?

Answer 21

Compton effect.

Question 22

What does scatter radiation do to the image?

Answer 22

Provides no useful information and creates fog.

Question 23

Is the process of differential absorption dependent on IR type?

Answer 23

No, it remains the same regardless of the type of IR.

Question 24

What does a radiographic image structurally represent?

Answer 24

The anatomic area of interest with varying brightness levels.

Question 25

What determines overall image quality?

Answer 25

Visibility and accuracy of recorded anatomic structural lines.

Question 26

How is visibility of anatomic structures achieved?

Answer 26

Proper balance of image brightness and contrast.

Question 27

What does image contrast allow?

Answer 27

Distinguishing among types of irradiated tissues.

Question 28

What is grayscale?

Answer 28

The number of different shades of gray stored and displayed in a digital image.

Question 29

What is spatial resolution?

Answer 29

Accuracy of the anatomic structural lines displayed.

Question 30

What is distortion in radiographic imaging?

Answer 30

Magnification or misrepresentation in shape of anatomic structures.

Question 31

What does scatter radiation produce?

Answer 31

Unwanted exposure on the image, known as fog.

Question 32

What is quantum noise?

Answer 32

Noise from too few photons reaching the IR, a concern in digital imaging.

Question 33

What is an artifact?

Answer 33

Any unwanted brightness level on a radiographic image.

Question 34

How do digital IRs compare to film-screen IRs?

Answer 34

Digital IRs have a wider dynamic range.

Question 35

What is fluoroscopy?

Answer 35

A dynamic imaging technique using a continuous x-ray beam to view moving internal structures.