Week 2

Question 1

What are the 4 main types of Ions?

Answer 1

Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Organic Anions

Question 2

What does Cl- stand for?

Answer 2

Chloride (Cl-)

Question 3

What does Na+ stand for?

Answer 3

Sodium (Na+)

Question 4

During the resting state, is a neuron pos or neg charged?

Answer 4

Negatively

Question 5

What does K+ stand for?

Answer 5

Potassium (K+)

Question 6

As an atom positively or neg charged?

Answer 6

no, it’s neutral. When it stops being neutral it becomes and Ion (pos OR neg charged)

Question 7

What does A- Stand for?

Answer 7

Organic Anions (A-)

Question 8

What is the shorthand for Sodium?

Answer 8

Na+

Question 9

What is the shorthand for potassium?

Answer 9

K+

Question 10

What is an Ion?

Answer 10

pos or neg charged Atom

Question 11

What is shorthand for Organic Anions?

Answer 11

A-

Question 12

What is shorthand for Chloride?

Answer 12

Cl-

Question 13

Where do the pos & negative electrons and protons sit in an atom?

Answer 13

Positive Protons inside nucleus

Neg Electron orbit around nucleus in outer shell

Question 14

Is an electron pos or neg?

Answer 14

neg

Question 15

is a proton pos or neg?

Answer 15

pos

Question 16

Is an atom pos or neg charged?

Answer 16

Neither, it’s neutral - pos & neg even each other out so in resting state it remains neutral

Question 17

what is an ion?

Answer 17

pos or neg charged atom

Question 18

how does an ion become negatively charged?

Answer 18

gaines neg electron

Question 19

How is the resting potential maintained?

Answer 19

Ion channels

allows inflow of ions in and out of cell

Sodium-Potassium pump

Question 20

Where are receptors found?

Answer 20

Mostly Cell Body & Dendrites

Question 21

In analogy of lock and key, receptors are one and key is the other. Which is the Receptor?

Answer 21

Receptor is key

Question 22

What do autoreceptors do?

Answer 22

Turn off neurotransmitter release (stimulated neurotransmitters released by own neuron)

Question 23

What is the GABBA-A neurotransmitter?

Answer 23

Main inhibitory

Question 24

What is an Antagonist?

Answer 24

A drug that opposes or inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell

Question 25

What is an Agonist?

Answer 25

A drug that facilitates the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell

Question 26

Which drug action imitates a neurotransmitter?

Answer 26

Agonist

Question 27

What is a direct antagonist?

Answer 27

A drug that binds with receptor but does not activate it - prevents the natural ligand from binding with the receptor. Stops natural action

Question 28

what is a direct agonist?

Answer 28

A drug that binds with and activated receptor - just as the neurotransmitter would

Question 29

What is non-competitive binding on a receptor?

Answer 29

Binding of a drug to a site on a receptor; does not interfere with the binding site for the principal ligand.

Question 30

What is an indirect agoinst?

Answer 30

A drug that attaches to a binding site on a receptor and facilitates the action of the receptor; does not interfere with the binding site of the principal ligand.

Question 31

What is an indirect antagonist?

Answer 31

A drug that attaches to a binding site on a receptor and interferes with the action of the receptor; does not interfere with the binding of the principal ligand.

Question 32

What is a resting membrane potential?

Answer 32

resting potential

Question 33

How does an atom become a neg charged ion?

Answer 33

gains a negative charged electron

Question 34

how doe an atom become a pos charged ion?

Answer 34

looses a neg charged electron

Question 35

what is a excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)?

Answer 35

if stimulations causes the voltage inside of the cell to become more positive (keep firing)

Question 36

what is a Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)?

Answer 36

if stimulations causes the voltage inside of the cell to become more negative (stop firing)

Question 37

neurotransmitters cant be left in the gap as they will continue to exert effect or block receptor. What is the Reuptake pump?

Answer 37

physical removal of neurotransmitter - directs it back into presynaptic neuron for recycling

Question 38

neurotransmitters cant be left in the gap as they will continue to exert effect or block receptor. What is an Exzymatic degredation?

Answer 38

Enzymes break down neurotransmitters no longer fire

Question 39

Where are receptors mostly found?

Answer 39

dendrites & cell body