Week 2 Flashcards
Fungal Body (Mycelium, Mycelial mat)
a visible collection of hyphae
Rhizoids
rootlike structures that anchor the fungal body
-anchoring hyphae
Hypha (pl. Hyphae)
filaments that are long thin strands (fungal filaments)
-classified as septate (have walls separating cells) or aseptate (no cell walls)
List of Fungi
- Candida albicans
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Rhizopus stolonifer
- Penicillium notatum
- Aspergillus niger
- Pneumocystis carinii (jirovecii)
Fungi: Candida albicans
- has individual cells
- has pseudohyphae
- a pathogenic yeast
Fungi: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- has individual cells
- has budding
- bakers yeast
Fungi: Rhizopus stolonifer
-has hypha, fungal body, and rhizoids Asexual structures: -Sporangiophores- supports sporangium -Sporangium(a)- fruiting body -Sporangiospores- individual spores on sporangium
Sexual structures:
- Mating strands (+ and -)- attached to zygosporangium
- Zygosporangium- fruiting body
- Zygospores- individual spores on zygosporagium
Fungi: Penicillium notatum
- has hypha, fungal body, and rhizoids
- Asexual reproduction structures:
- Conidiophore- reproductive hypha that supports the conidiospores (stem)
- Conidiospores (canidia)- individual spores (small, round to oval structures)
Fungi: Aspergillus niger
-has hypha, fungal body, and rhizoids
-a pathogen
Asexual reproduction:
-Conidiophore- reproductive hyphae that supports conidiospores (stem)
-Conidiospores- individual spores (black circle; little spores all together)
Fungi: Pneumocystis carinii (jirovecii)
- unicellular
- Asexual reproduction:
- Mature cyst- 8 trophs inside cyst
Unicellular fungi are called?
yeasts
Multicellular forms of fungi are called?
molds
How does fungi reproduce?
- sexually and asexually
- sexual reproduction requires the presence of 2 opposite mating types (+ and -)
Heterotrophs
- must obtain nutrients from environment
ex: Fungi
Fungi makes food products….
- cheese
- bread
- mushrooms
- alcoholic beverages
5 Kingdom System
- Kingdom Monera
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Animalia
Characteristics Used to Classify Organisms
- Cell Type: prokaryotic or eukaryotic
- Cell Number: single or multicellular
- Mode of Nutrition: Autotroph or Heterotroph
- Cell Wall Present: what composition
- Motility: flagella, cilia, pseudopods
- Morphology (physical appearance)
- Fossil Record
- DNA analysis
Taxonomy
the formal system for classifying and naming living things
Binomial System of Nomenclature
- uses 2 names to identify the organism
- Genus and species is the scientific name
- Genus starts with a capital letter
- species with a lower case letter
- Both are written in italics or underlined
Hypha-
Fungal body-
Rhizoid-
- Hypha- fungal filaments; long thin strands
- Fugal Body- collection of hyphae (mycelium, mycelial mat)
- Rhizoid- anchoring hyphae; root-like shape
The Fruiting Body itself is called?
Sporangium
Deuteromycetes
(fungi imperfecti)
- includes all of the fungi whose sexual spore has not been identified
- in order for sexual spores to form, both + and - strands must be present
Basidiomycetes
(club fungi)
-the sexual spores (basidiospore) are formed by meiosis on special club-shaped structures located on the gills on the underside of the mushroom cap
Ascomycetes
(sac fungi)
- includes yeasts, some mushrooms (morels, truffles)
- includes economically important plant pathogens
