Week 2

Question 1

what are the four qi or temperature characteristics (5 designations)

Answer 1

1. hot 2. cold 3. warm 4. cool 5. neutral

Question 2

what are the additional qi or temperature designations

Answer 2

hot, warm, slightly warm, neutral, slightly cold, cool, cold

Question 3

what are the five tastes and cooresponding functions

Answer 3

acrid: disperses and moves; sweet: tonify, harmonize and are sometimes thought to moisten; bitter: drain and dry; sour: atringent and prevent or reverse the abnormal leakage of fluids and energy; salty: purge and soften

Question 4

what are the three additional tastes and their cooresponding functions

Answer 4

bland: (no taste), leach out dampness and promote urination; aromatic: ability to penetrate through turbidity and revive a particular function; astringent: has the ability to prevent the leakage of fluids

Question 5

ascription of actions to taste

Answer 5

sourness enters the liver, bittnerness enters the ehart, sweetness enters the spleen, acridity (spicy/pungent) enters the lungs, saltiness enters the kidneys

Question 6

what is the direction of acrid herbs

Answer 6

upward and out

Question 7

what flavor herb involves moving and circulating

Answer 7

acrid/pungent/spicy

Question 8

which flavor herb has a diuretic influence

Answer 8

bland

Question 9

what flavor herb can normalize the function of ST and SP

Answer 9

sweet

Question 10

what flavor herb dries damp

Answer 10

bitter

Question 11

what flavor herb enters at the lung

Answer 11

acrid/pungent/spicy

Question 12

which flavor herb can be used to promote urination

Answer 12

bland

Question 13

what flavor herb can be a great qi regulator and helps with dampness or pain?

Answer 13

acrid/pungent/spicy

Question 14

what flavor herb softens hardness

Answer 14

salty

Question 15

which flavor her can astringe, hold and contract

Answer 15

sour

Question 16

what flavor herb tonifies, nourishes and strengthens

Answer 16

sweet

Question 17

which flavor herb purges downwards for constipation

Answer 17

salty

Question 18

what flavor herb enters at the kidney

Answer 18

salty

Question 19

what flavor herb may have a sedating effect

Answer 19

bitter

Question 20

which flavor herb can be used to leech out dampness

Answer 20

bland

Question 21

which flavor herb can stop movement and can move backwards

Answer 21

sour

Question 22

which flavor herb includes both sour and sweet

Answer 22

astringent

Question 23

what flavor herb is harmonizing and moderating (not strong and intense)

Answer 23

sweet

Question 24

all sea weeds and animal products from from this flavor herb

Answer 24

salty

Question 25

what flavor herb relieves tension (stomachache, spasms, and pain)

Answer 25

sweet

Question 26

which flavor herb retains and binds

Answer 26

astringent

Question 27

which flavor herb has a downward direction, but milder than bitter or salty

Answer 27

bland

Question 28

which flavor herb contains fluids and qi

Answer 28

sour

Question 29

which flavor herb awakens and revives (digestive system)

Answer 29

aromatic

Question 30

what flavor herb enters the spleen

Answer 30

sweet

Question 31

which flavor herb enters at the liver

Answer 31

sour

Question 32

which flavor herb is the heaviest substance aside from minerals

Answer 32

salty

Question 33

which flavor herb is represented in a non-ripe persimmon, inner lining of a pomegranate or some red wines

Answer 33

astringent

Question 34

which flavor herb is rich, sticky, and thick

Answer 34

sweet

Question 35

which flavor herb moves in all directions

Answer 35

aromatic

Question 36

which flavor herb may block qi and create stagnation leading to dampness

Answer 36

sweet

Question 37

which flavor herb feels like a coat on the tongue and sucking feeling

Answer 37

astringent

Question 38

which flavor herb heads downwards and involves draining and purging (promote bowel movement; heat fire; descend qi for vomiting, nausea, belching)

Answer 38

bitter

Question 39

which flavor herb is stronger than acrid (which moves up and out

Answer 39

aromatic

Question 40

which herb can be used to improve appetite

Answer 40

sour

Question 41

the charring of herbs is related to which flabor

Answer 41

astringent

Question 42

which flavor herb enters the heart

Answer 42

bitter

Question 43

which flavor herb penetrates through turbidity (if closed or blocked)

Answer 43

aromatic

Question 44

which flavor herb stabilize and bind

Answer 44

sour

Question 45

which flavor herb should we caution the holding of a trapped pathogen

Answer 45

astringent

Question 46

which flavor herb eliminates damp (rheumatism)

Answer 46

aromatic

Question 47

what two taste combinations can produce yang

Answer 47

acrid/pungent & sweet

Question 48

what two taste combinations can produce yin

Answer 48

sour and sweet

Question 49

what are the 8 parameters of diagnosis

Answer 49

yin yang, cold hot, interior exterior, deficiency excess

Question 50

what are the hand and foot tai yang channels

Answer 50

hand tai yang SI; foot tai yang UB

Question 51

what are the hand and foot shao yang channels

Answer 51

hand shao yang SJ; foot shao yang GB

Question 52

what are the hand and foot yang ming channels

Answer 52

hand yang ming LI; foot yang ming ST

Question 53

what are the hand and foot tai yin channels

Answer 53

hand tai yin LU; foot tai yin SP

Question 54

what are the hand and foot shao yin channels

Answer 54

hand shao yin HT; foot shao yin KD

Question 55

what are the hand and foot jue yin channels

Answer 55

hand jue yin PC; foot jue yin LV

Question 56

what are the four levels of disease (exterior to interior)

Answer 56

wei, qi, ying, xue

Question 57

what are the directional properties of herbs

Answer 57

floating and ascending / sinking and lowering

Question 58

how are floating and ascending herbs used to treat

Answer 58

expel superficial evils, ascend yang, expel wind and cold, induce vomiting, open the orfices, promote eruptions, warm yang

Question 59

how are sinking and lowering herbs used to treat

Answer 59

clear heat, purging, promoting urination, calming the mind, descending yang, stop vomiting, stop cough and asthma, astringent, promote digestion

Question 60

functions vs indications

Answer 60

fxn: promote sweat, ind: flushed face, fever. Fxn: downbear rebellious qi (counterflow), ind: vomiting, cough

Question 61

what are the 8 therapeutic methods

Answer 61

1. promote sweating 2. induce vomiting 3. purge 4. harmonize 5. warm 6. clear 7. tonify 8. reduce

Question 62

how can pathogens enter the body

Answer 62

via skin and 9 orfices

Question 63

how can pathogens be eliminated from the body

Answer 63

via skin, mouth, bowels, urine

Question 64

what is the correct way to determine a herbal formula

Answer 64

symptom, diagnosis, treatment principle, prescription

Question 65

when should one not use cooling herbs

Answer 65

when there is a pathogenic cold

Question 66

when should one not clear heat

Answer 66

when there is a cold condition

Question 67

when should one not use herbs that drain damp

Answer 67

when there is dryness

Question 68

when should one not use herbs that are astringing and binding

Answer 68

when a patient needs purging

Question 69

when should one use caution when dealing with tonifying herbs or astringing herbs

Answer 69

when there is an exterior pathogen present

Question 70

dosage

Answer 70

the amount of drugs/herbs to be used; the daily amount of each drug/herb for an adult; the relative amount of different drugs/herbs in a recipe/formula; refers to use in a decoction; refers to dry, prepared herbs

Question 71

what is the classical measurement for herbal dosages

Answer 71

Qian

Question 72

what is the modern measurement for herbal dosages

Answer 72

grams

Question 73

what is the most common dosage range

Answer 73

3-12 grams

Question 74

Qian to grams

Answer 74

1 Qian equals ~3 grams

Question 75

what kind of substances can be prescribed in larger doses

Answer 75

hard, heavy, moderate and bland substances; like minerals and shells

Question 76

what kind of substances can be prescribed in smaller doses

Answer 76

light, toxic and strongly-flavored substances; flowers, leaves and aromatic herbs

Question 77

dosage according to severity

Answer 77

the more severe, the higher the dosage

Question 78

what are some other things to consider when thinking about herbal dosage

Answer 78

constitution of the patient and the patient's stomach qi

Question 79

mutual accentuation

Answer 79

comination of 2 substances with similar functions to accentuate their therapeutic actions

Question 80

mutual enhancement

Answer 80

the combination of 2 or more substances with different actions in which one of the substances enhances the effect of the other in a specific clinical situation

Question 81

mutual counteraction

Answer 81

a combination in which the toxicity or side efefcts of one substance are reduced or eliminated by another substance

Question 82

mutual suppression

Answer 82

converse of mutual counteraction in that here one substance also reduces the undesireable side effects of another

Question 83

mutual antagonism

Answer 83

the ability of 2 substances to minimize or neutralize each other's positive effects

Question 84

mutual incompatibility

Answer 84

occurs when the combinatio of 2 substances gives rise to side effects or toxicity which would not be caused by either substance when used alone

Question 85

single effect

Answer 85

the use of one medicinal substance to treat a patient

Question 86

chief

Answer 86

king, sovereign, or lord; the substance that provides the main therapeutic thrust of the prescription

Question 87

deputies

Answer 87

ministers or associates; enhance or assist the therapeutic actions of the cheifs

Question 88

assistants

Answer 88

adjutants; provide one or more of the following functions: treat accompanying symptoms; moderate harshness or toxicity of the primary substances; assist the chief and deputies in accomplishing their main objective; or provide assistance from another therapeutic direction

Question 89

envoy

Answer 89

messenger, couriers; either guide the other medicines to a specific channel or organ, or exert a harmonizing influence

Question 90

gong bu

Answer 90

simultaneous attack and reinforcement. Often seen in patterns of excess with underlying deficiency

Question 91

hong

Answer 91

red

Question 92

da huang

Answer 92

big yellow

Question 93

chi shao

Answer 93

bright red peony

Question 94

bai shao

Answer 94

white peony

Question 95

qing pi

Answer 95

blue green peel

Question 96

zhu

Answer 96

dull red

Question 97

jin

Answer 97

gold

Question 98

yin

Answer 98

silver

Question 99

hong hua

Answer 99

red flower

Question 100

chi

Answer 100

bright red

Question 101

lu dou

Answer 101

green beans

Question 102

jin yin hua

Answer 102

gold/silver flower

Question 103

zhu sha

Answer 103

dull red sand

Question 104

zi cao gen

Answer 104

purple herb root

Question 105

yin guo ye

Answer 105

silver friut leaf

Question 106

huang

Answer 106

yellow

Question 107

hei zao

Answer 107

black dates

Question 108

bai

Answer 108

white

Question 109

qing

Answer 109

blue-green

Question 110

wu

Answer 110

black

Question 111

lu

Answer 111

green

Question 112

zi

Answer 112

purple

Question 113

hei

Answer 113

black