Week 2 - External Anatomy of the Insect

Question 1

Exoskeleton

Answer 1

Made of chitin and protein bound to make glycoprotien.

Question 2

Layers of Exoskeleton

Answer 2

Cuticle
Epidermis
Basement Membrane

Question 3

Outside part of the Exoskeleton

Answer 3

Cuticle

Question 4

1-4 wax layers

Answer 4

Epicuticle

Question 5

Flexible with sclerotin and chitin. Composed of exocuticle and endocuticle.

Answer 5

Procuticle

Question 6

One cell layer thick responsible for secreting cuticle.

Answer 6

Epidermis

Question 7

Non cellular layer of Exoskeleton

Answer 7

Basement Membrane

Question 8

Function of Exoskeleton

Answer 8

Prevent water loss, scratch, penetration of chemicals. It protects internal organs and support its body.

Question 9

Hardened plates forming the exoskeleton.

Answer 9

Sclerite

Question 10

Insect’s feeding and sensory center. Composed of eyes, antenna, and mouth parts.

Answer 10

Head

Question 11

Composed of ommatidia where each has its lens

Answer 11

Compound Eye

Question 12

The individual visual units of compound eye.

Answer 12

Facets

Question 13

Are found between the compound eyes of adult insect.

Answer 13

Dorsal ocelli

Question 14

Locate on the lateral of the head. Common in caterpillars.

Answer 14

Lateral ocelli (Stemmata)

Question 15

Found below or between the eyes and is used for insect identification. Contains chemoreceptor and mechanoreceptor.

Answer 15

Antennae

Question 16

Functions of Antennae

Answer 16

Hold female for mating, hearing, smelling, detect air current and change of temperature.

Question 17

Parts of antennae

Answer 17

Scape (first segment)
Pedicel (second segment)
Flagellum 9many units of distal segments

Question 18

Individual segments of flagellum are similar in size.

Answer 18

Filiform

Question 19

The round segments of each flagellum make the antenna look like a string of beads.

Answer 19

Moniliform

Question 20

Each segment of the flagellum
becomes gradually wider towards the tip of the antenna.

Answer 20

Clavate

Question 21

The tip of the flagellum segment is suddenly enlarged to form a bulb (knob).

Answer 21

Capitate

Question 22

Scape is longer than other
types of antennae. Like an elbow.

Answer 22

Geniculate

Question 23

A number of fine, thread-like branches (appearance of a feather)

Answer 23

Plumose

Question 24

Each flagellum looks like a sawtooth.

Answer 24

Serrate

Question 25

Appearance of a comb (comb teeth)

Answer 25

Pectinate

Question 26

About three segments towards the end are flattened and plate-like

Answer 26

Lamellate

Question 27

Every segment of flagellum are flattened and lengthened on one side. (Cedar Beetle)

Answer 27

Flabellate

Question 28

Bristle-like (Dragonlfy)

Answer 28

Setaceous

Question 29

Looks like a sickle.

Answer 29

Stylate

Question 30

There is a hair or bristle, which is called arista, on a large segment of the flagellum.

Answer 30

Aristate

Question 31

Mouth Parts of an Insect

Answer 31

An upper lip - labrum A pair of jaws -mandibles A pair of teeth - maxillae A lower lip - labium

Question 32

Used for chewing, cutting, sex identification, fighting, protect themselves, holding materials.

Answer 32

Mandible

Question 33

Is located between mandible and labium.

Answer 33

Maxillae

Question 34

Is the lower lip.

Answer 34

Labium

Question 35

Every part of the mouthpart can be obviously seen in insects that eat food by chewing. Like Grasshoppers

Answer 35

Chewing Type

Question 36

Insects having this type of mouthpart, a modified labium, which was called a labellum, sponge food.

Answer 36

Sponging Type (Housefly)

Question 37

Mouthparts of insects were modified to pierce and suck food. The modified mouthparts were called stylets.

Answer 37

Piercig-sucking Type (Mosquitoes and True Bug)

Question 38

The galea of the maxilla or proboscis was modified to siphon nectar from the flower.

Answer 38

Siphoning Type (Butterfly)

Question 39

These mouthparts have mandibles for chewing, but the labium is modified to a tongue, which is called glossae for lapping.

Answer 39

Chewing-lapping Type (Bees)

Question 40

Several pieces of mouthpart were modified to be flat and sharp, used for cutting. Labium was modified to sponge blood after the skin was cut

Answer 40

Cutting-sponging Type (Horsefly)

Question 41

Contains 3 segments : prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax

Answer 41

Thorax

Question 42

The femur and tibia are slim and long.

Answer 42

Walking Leg (Cockroach)

Question 43

Legs are hind legs only. The femur is big, with many muscles used for jumping.

Answer 43

Jumping Legs (Grasshoppers)

Question 44

The tibia is flat, and the tarsus was modified to have a similar shape to a fork. Legs are fore legs only.

Answer 44

Digging Legs (Mole Cricket)

Question 45

Femur, tibia, and tarsus are flat together with hair to improve swimming efficiency.

Answer 45

Swimming Leg (Aquatic Beetles)

Question 46

You can find pollen basket at tibia. Pollen basket is used to collect pollen from flowers.

Answer 46

Carrying Leg (Bee)

Question 47

Coxa is short. Femur and tibia can clasp together.

Answer 47

Clasping Leg Giant Water Bug)

Question 48

Coxa is longer than other types of legs. Femur and tibia can grasp together.

Answer 48

Grasping Legs (Praying Mantis)

Question 49

Tibia and tarsus look like a curve, as sickle used for cling hair.

Answer 49

Clinging Legs (Lice)

Question 50

Sclerotized and thick

Answer 50

Elytra

Question 51

Thin and transparent

Answer 51

Membrane

Question 52

Basal half is thick and leathery Distal half is membranous

Answer 52

Hemelytra

Question 53

Leathery or parchment-like

Answer 53

Tegmina

Question 54

An area of the fore wing overlaps the hind wing and holds them together

Answer 54

Jugum

Question 55

Bristles along the leading (front) edge of the hind wing

Answer 55

Frenulum

Question 56

Row of hooks on hind wing

Answer 56

Hamuli

Question 57

Serve for muscle attachment House internal organ. Aids in movement. Receive oxygen through spiracle. Hearing – tympanum. Make noise, light Sensory function, Mating - reproduction

Answer 57

Abdomen

Question 58

Hold the female during copulation

Answer 58

Clasper

Question 59

Secretes sperm

Answer 59

Aedeagus

Question 60

Small appendages on some of abdominal segments

Answer 60

Styli