Week 2 - Histology Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the function of the kidneys?
Fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance and hormone production
Where are the ducts of Bellini?
At the end of the collecting duct
Whats the order of drainage of tubules in the kidneys?
Renal corpuscle (glomerulus and bowman’s capsule), proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule
What can you see histologically in the renal cortex?
Renal corpuscles and proximal convoluted tubules
How does development result in a double layered covering of the bowman’s capsule?
Primitive renal tube derived from the ureteric bud is a bling ending tube, this grows into primordial of true kidney which then envelopes growing glomerulus
What is the vascular pole?
Afferent and efferent arterioles (glomerulus)
What is the urinary pole?
Bowman’s capsule
Whats the bowman’s space?
The bit between the glomerulus and the bowman’s capsule
What is the function of the renal corpuscle?
To produce ultrafiltrate of plasma
Whats is the parietal layer of the bowman’s capsule made oit of?
Simple squamous epithelium
What is the filtration barrier made by?
Capillary endothelium and visceral layer of bowman’s capsule
What part of the visceral layer of the bowman’s capsule wraps round the capillary endothelium and what is its function?
Podocytes and they stop cells passing through
What are the features if the capillary endothelium that make it a good filter?
Is fenestrated so makes filtration slits between the podocytes, endothelium and podocytes share a basement membrane
What is the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule?
Simple cuboidal with brush boarder
What 4 parts is the loop of henle made up of?
Pars recta, thin descending limb, thin ascending limb, thick ascending limb
Describe the epithelium of the thin limb of loop of henle?
Simple squamous epithelium as job active transport
Describe the epithelium of the thick ascending limb?
Simple cuboidal
How do you tell the difference between distal and proximal convoluted tubules?
distal has no brush boarder and a larger lumen
How do we tell the difference between the collecting duct and the thick limb of loop of henle histologically?
Collecting duct lumens are larger and tend to be more irregular than circular
What is the renal pyramid?
Progressively larger ducts formed by merging of collecting ducts
Where do the renal pyramids empty at?
renal papilla
Describe the walls of the ureters?
2 layers of smooth muscle (a third layer appears in lower 1/3 of ureter), lined by transitional epithelium (urothelium)
Describe the walls of the bladder?
3 layer of muscle, outer adventitia, transitional epithelium (urothelium)
What are the features of urothelium?
Stratified epithelium, umbrella cells on surface which make it impermeable, gives ability to stretch
