Week 2 STI's & Week 2 M/F Common Pathologies (Q. 5 & 6) Flashcards
(37 cards)
When left undiagnosed or untreated, curables STI’s can result in serious complications such as?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Infertility Ectopic Pregnancy Miscarriage Fetal Loss Congenital Infections
Both ulerative and nonelcerative STI are associated with increasing the risk of transmitting or acquring HIV.
Which is associated with the highest form of risk?
a. Ulcerative
b. Nonulcerative
A. Ulcerative
Other than Chlamydia, which STI is responsible for potentially causing blindness in ‘vaginal birth’ infants if left untreated?
A. Herpes
B. Gonorrhoea
C. Syphilis
D. Chancroid
B. Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia - passed from mum to newborn during birth.
Chlamydia is prevalent in developing countries and aboriginal communities of Australia
Chlamydia has a high affinity for mucosal surfaces - cervix, urethra, rectum, nasopharynx, conjunctiva
Is Chlamydia asymptomatic or symptomatic in nature?
Asymptomatic = 70% Male 80% Females
Can also be present for years before symptoms develop.
Generally discovered during pelvic inflammatory disease
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia in Women?
Vaginal Discharge
Dysuria
Irregular Vaginal Bleeding
Deep pain on intercourse and low abdo discomfort
Tubular damage from chronic or repeated Chlamydia pelvic infection may result in infertility and increased risk of ectopic pregnancy
Which is not a symptom of Chlamydia in Men?
A. Painful Urination
B. Tenderness and Pain around the testes
C. White Cloudy or Watery Discharge
D. Back Pain
D. Back Pain
Chlamydia Conjunctivitis can be transferred from mother to baby during birth or parents not washing their hands after urination.
What is the associated pathology that can develop from this disease?
Pneumonia/pneumonitis
Usually presents between 1 - 3 months of age - with a stuffy nose, staccato cough, rapid breathing.
Fever may be present
Xray usually reveals widespread inflammatory filtrates, over-inflation -> may progress later in life to a chronic airway disease
What are the two drugs used for the treatment of Chlamydia?
A. Single Dose Azithromycin 1gm (2x500mg tablets) or 10-day treatment of Doxycycline 100 mg tablets
B. 10-day course of Azithromycin 1gm and single dose Doxy Tablet
C. 2 x 500 mg tablets of Doxy and 7 day course of Azithromycin
D. Both drugs are 10-day course each at 100mg strength
A. Single Dose Azithromycin 1gm (2x500mg tablets) or 10-day treatment of Doxycycline 100 mg tablets
However, for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease the dose requirements are
1gm dose of azithromycin followed by 3 weeks of Doxycycline
What should Chlamydia-infected people do to prevent the spread of illness?
A. Inform all current sex partner/s
B. Take prescribed antibiotics, including your current sexual partner/s
C. Avoid sex during antibiotic treatment (oral, vaginal, anal)
D. All the above
D. All the above
Which STI is Chlamydia impossible to differentiate with based on symptoms alone?
a. Herpes
b. Gonorrhoea
c. Syphilis
d. Chanchroid
b. Gonorrhoea
Takes up to 4- 6 days for symptoms to present but may also take up to 30 days.
Males
- Purulent discharge,
- Dysuria,
- Scrotal pain and Swelling
Females
- Generally Asymptomatic, thus if left untreated can progress to PID -> infertility, ectopic pregnancy and chronic pain
- Bartholin’s Gland Abscess
Both Sexes
- Gonococcal Pharyngitis
Which sex is most likely to contract Gonnorrhoea and why?
Males, reflecting the higher incidence of this infection of men who have sex with other men
What is Disseminated Gonococcal Infection (DGI)?
Which gender does it affect most?
DGI results from the bacteremic spread of Gonorrhoea which mainly affects women
Symptoms
- Rash,
- Fever,
- Reactive Arthritis,
- Septic Arthritis,
- Tendonitis,
- Endocarditis or
- Meningitis
It is now routine to provide cover for ______ in all those with suspected Gonorrhoea as there is a high rate of concurrent infection in this group (30%)
a. Chlamydia Trachomatis
b. N. gonnorhoea
c. Syphilis
d. Chanchroid
A. Chlamydia Trachomatis
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea are hard to differentiate from symptoms alone and there is a high rate of concurrent infection in this group - 30%
What is Congenital Syphilis?
Congenital syphilis is a severe, disabling, and often life-threatening infection seen in infants. Treatment is essential to avoid blindness.
A pregnant mother who has syphilis can spread the disease through the placenta to the unborn infant or via the birth canal.
Which is not a ‘secondary’ symptom of syphilis?
A. General Malaise/Fever B. Lymph node enlargement C. Wart-like growth in the genital area D. Chancre - A single painless ulcer E. Rash that covers the body
D. Chancre - A single painless ulcer - a symptom of Primary syphilis
There are 4 phases of Syphilis.
- Primary
- Secondary
- Latent
- Tertiary
Which major organ can be affected by untreated syphilis?
A. Heart
B. Brain
C. Lungs
D. A and B
D. A and B.
The first symptom is a painless sore called a chancre that can show up near or on the genitalia, the mouth or anus, or on the hands. It can take years for syphilis to become advanced. It involves the heart and central nervous system.
Syphilis is treated with penicillin or other antibiotics such as Ceftriaxone. May be administered together.
The term “chancre” is given to:
a. the sores symptomatic of herpes
b. the sore symptomatic of syphilis
c. the growths symptomatic of genital warts
d. all of the above
b. The sore symptomatic of syphilis
Syphilis can lead to Dementia
Which STI is associated with the term ‘Tropical Syndromes’
a. Chlamydia Trachomatis
b. N. gonnorhoea
c. Syphilis
d. Chanchroid and Donovanosis
D. Chanchroid and Donovanosis
Chanchroidcauses acute multiple tender ulcers in the genital area as well as inflammation of the draining lymph nodes in the groin
Which STI is associated with a number of severe complications such as urinary retention, sacral neuralgia, transverse myelitis and encephalitis?
a. Chlamydia
b. HSV
c. Syphilis
d. HPV
b. HSV
A symptom of HSV includes
A. Tingling or burning in the genital area
B. Painful blisters in the genital area
C. A and B
D. None of the above
C. A and B
The blisters or sores in the genital area usually go away within 2 to 3 weeks, The sores or blisters may come back from time to time.
A tingling or burning in the legs, buttocks, or genital area usually happens just before the blisters show up.
Medicines are available to treat the symptoms of genital herpes. But these medicines don’t get rid of the virus. Other STDs caused by viruses also have no cure.
Syphilis can occur is four stages, called?
A. Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary.
B. Primary, secondary, latent, tertiary.
C. Prime, sec, third, fourth.
D. Primary, section, tricycle, fourth
B. Primary, Secondary, Latent and Tertiary
How is Hepatitis A transmitted sexually?
A. Vaginal Secretions
B. Semen
C. Anal Penetration
D. Anilingus (Fecal - Oral)
D. D. Anilingus (Fecal - Oral)
Direct oral-anal contact or contact with fingers or objects that have been in or near the anus of an infected person.
How is Hepatitis B transmitted sexually?
A. Vaginal Secretions and Semen
B. Anal Sex
C. Oral Sex
D. All the above
D. All the above
People can become infected with the virus from: Birth or Sex with an infected partner
How is Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) transmitted Sexually?
A. Penetration Sex with people with cuts and ulcerations
B. Oral to Fecal route
C. Vaginal secretion and Semen
D. None of the above
A. Penetration Sex with people with cuts and ulcerations
HCV is spread through contact with an infected person’s blood – which may be present because of genital sores or cuts or menstruation.
