Week 2 Vocab

Question 1

Limbic System

Answer 1

a complex system of nerves and networks in the brain, involving several areas near the edge of the cortex concerned with instinct and mood. It controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring).

Question 2

Anterolateral Pathways

Answer 2

sensory pathways that convey pain, temperature sense, and crude touch

Question 3

Posterior Column Pathways

Answer 3

sensory pathways that convey proprioception, vibration sense, and fine, discriminative touch.

Question 4

Corticospinal Tract

Answer 4

the most important motor pathway for voluntary movement in humans

Question 5

Homunculus

Answer 5

a very small human or humanoid creature

Question 6

Parietal Lobes

Answer 6

either of the paired lobes of the brain at the top of the head, including areas concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information.

Question 7

Frontal Lobes

Answer 7

each of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead, including areas concerned with behavior, learning, personality, and voluntary movement.

Question 8

Temporal Lobes

Answer 8

each of the paired lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples, including areas concerned with the understanding of speech

Question 9

Occipital Lobes

Answer 9

the rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.

Question 10

10. Corpus Callosum

Answer 10

a broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain

Question 11

11. Cranial Nerves

Answer 11

each of twelve pairs of nerves which arise directly from the brain, not from the spinal cord, and pass through separate apertures in the skull

Question 12

12. Efferent

Answer 12

conducted or conducting outward or away from something (for nerves, the central nervous system; for blood vessels, the organ supplied)

Question 13

13. Afferent

Answer 13

conducting or conducted inward or toward something (for nerves, the central nervous system; for blood vessels, the organ supplied).

Question 14

14. Thalamus

Answer 14

either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle, relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception.

Question 15

15. Basal Ganglia

Answer 15

a group of structures linked to the thalamus in the base of the brain and involved in coordination of movement

Question 16

16. Gray Matter

Answer 16

the darker tissue of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve cell bodies and branching dendrites.

Question 17

17. White Matter

Answer 17

the paler tissue of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve fibers with their myelin sheaths

Question 18

18. Synapses

Answer 18

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

Question 19

19. Dendrites

Answer 19

a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.

Question 20

20. Axons

Answer 20

the long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells

Question 21

21. Cell Body

Answer 21

A cell of a unicellular organism, constituting its entire body.

Question 22

22. Glia

Answer 22

the connective tissue of the nervous system, consisting of several different types of cell associated with neurons

Question 23

23. Neurons

Answer 23

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell

Question 24

24. Rostral

Answer 24

situated or occurring near the front end of the body, especially in the region of the nose and mouth or (in an embryo) near the hypophyseal region

Question 25

25. Dorsal

Answer 25

of, on, or relating to the upper side or back of an animal, plant, or organ

Question 26

26. Caudal

Answer 26

of or like a tail.

Question 27

27. Ventral

Answer 27

of, on, or relating to the underside of an animal or plant; abdominal

Question 28

28. Rhombencephalon

Answer 28

embryological name for the hindbrain and contains the metencephalon and the myelencephalon.

Question 29

29. Mesencephalon

Answer 29

embryological name for the midbrain.

Question 30

30. Prosencephalon

Answer 30

embryological name for the forebrain and contains both the telencephalon and the diencephalon.

Question 31

31. Myelencephalon

Answer 31

the caudal division of the rhombencephalon (hindbrain) in the vertebrate embryo.

Question 32

32. Metencephalon

Answer 32

the anterior division of the rhombencephalon (hindbrain) in the vertebrate embryo.

Question 33

33. Diencephalon

Answer 33

the caudal (posterior) part of the forebrain, containing the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and ventral thalamus and the third ventricle

Question 34

34. Telencephalon

Answer 34

either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle, relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception

Question 35

35. Thalamus

Answer 35

either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle, relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception

Question 36

36. Hypothalamus

Answer 36

a region of the forebrain below the thalamus which coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity

Question 37

37. Cerebellum

Answer 37

the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.

Question 38

38. Pons

Answer 38

the part of the brainstem that links the medulla oblongata and the thalamus.

Question 39

39. Midbrain

Answer 39

a small central part of the brainstem, developing from the middle of the primitive or embryonic brain.

Question 40

40. Medulla

Answer 40

the inner region of an organ or tissue, especially when it is distinguishable from the outer region or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal gland, or hair)

Question 41

41. Brainstem

Answer 41

the central trunk of the mammalian brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, and continuing downward to form the spinal cord.

Question 42

Dura

Answer 42

the tough outermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.

Question 43

43. Arachnoid

Answer 43

like a spider or arachnid

Question 44

44. Pia

Answer 44

the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.

Question 45

45. Meninges

Answer 45

- the three membranes (the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord.

Question 46

46. Choroid Plexus

Answer 46

a network of blood vessels in each ventricle of the brain. It is derived from the pia mater and produces the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 47

47. Neural Tube

Answer 47

(in an embryo) a hollow structure from which the brain and spinal cord form. Defects in its development can result in congenital disorders such as spina bifida

Question 48

48. Cerebrospinal Fluid

Answer 48

clear watery fluid which fills the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater.

Question 49

49. Ventricles

Answer 49

a hollow part or cavity in an organ.

Question 50

50. Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 50

a component of the human nervous system comprised of the cranial nerves and ganglia, spinal nerves and dorsal root ganglia, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves and ganglia, and the enteric nervous system.

Question 51

51. Central Nervous System

Answer 51

a component of the human nervous system comprised of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 52

What Brodmann's area is the Primary somatosensory cortex

Answer 52

1, 2, and 3

Question 53

What Brodmann's area is the Primary motor cortex

Answer 53

4

Question 54

What Brodmann's area is the supplementary motor cortex; supplementary eye field; pre motor cortex; frontal eye fields

Answer 54

6

Question 55

What Brodmann's area is the primary visual cortex

Answer 55

17

Question 56

What Brodmann's area is the secondary visual cortex

Answer 56

18

Question 57

What Brodmann's area is the tertiary visual cortex, middle temporal visual area

Answer 57

19

Question 58

What Brodmann's area is the higher order auditory cortex

Answer 58

22

Question 59

What Brodmann's area is the olfactory cortex; limbic association cortex

Answer 59

28, 34, 35, 36, 38

Question 60

What Brodmann's area is the primary auditory cortex

Answer 60

41

Question 61

What Brodmann's area is the secondary auditory cortex

Answer 61

42

Question 62

What Brodmann's area is the Broca's area; lateral premotor cortex

Answer 62

44