Week 3 - Analysis of Categorical Data Flashcards
What does a contingency (cross-classification) table present?
presents the data for two categorical variables.
What is a side-by-side chart?
a graphical representation of a cross-classification table.
Define probability?
is a numerical value that represents the chance, likelihood or possibility that a particular event will occur.
Define priori classical probability?
is objective probability, obtained from prior knowledge of the process.
Define Empirical Classical Probability?
objective probability, obtained from the relative frequency of occurrence of an event.
Define Subjective Probability?
probability that reflects an individual’s belief that an event occurs
What is a random experiment?
a precisely described scenario that leads to an outcome that cannot be predicted with certainty.
Define Event?
one or more outcomes of a random experiment
Define Simple Event?
a single outcome of a random experiment
Define Sample Space?
collection of all simple events of a random experiment
Define Joint Event?
n event described by 2 or more characteristics
Define Complement?
all simple outcomes not in an event
What is a Venn Diagram?
graphical representation of a sample space; joint events shown as ‘unions’ and ‘intersections’ of circles representing simple events.
What is Marginal Probability?
probability of an event described by a single characteristic.
What is Joint Probability?
probability of an occurrence described by two or more characteristics.
Define Mutually Exclusive?
2 events that cannot occur simultaneously
Define Collectively Exhaustive?
set of events such that one of the events must occur
What is Conditional Probability?
probability of an event, given information on the occurrence of a second event.
Define Decision Tree (AKA Tree Diagram)?
graphical representation of simple and joint probabilities as vertices of a tree.
What is Statistical Independence?
the occurrence of an event does not affect the occurrence of a second event.
