Week 3: Chapter 17, Italy (1500-1600)

Question 0

The Last Supper

Answer 0

Leonardo (Italian), 1498

• da vinci painted with gracefulness, softness, & mystery
• complex body arrangements and compositions
• rules of perception informed by geometry (exactness of design: the divine/perfect/ideal)
• over 13,000 sketches but only 15 known, finished paintings
• moment of psychological drama (when the betrayal is predicted)
• painted on an entire wall in dining roombof a monastery, one-point perspective/illusionism, lines all collect at Christ’s head.. no longer largest but still most central figure, psychological drama/intensity

Question 1

Plan for St. Peter’s

Answer 1

Bramante (Italian), 1505

• St. Peter = first pope of Roman Catholic Church
• Leonardo design influence (divinity of geometric forms)
• Roman temple influence
• Bramante dies before his design can be realized
• Michelangelo revises/simplifies Bramante’s plan (Vatican City, Rome), made more room to accomodate large crowds of the Christian church
• very angular outside, many shapes and angles (very Baroque)

Question 2

Philosophy (School of Athens)

Answer 2

Raphael (Italian), 1511

• fresco, Vatican Palace, Rome
• 19 x 27 feet!!! exactness of design, Michelangelo and Raphael himself included in the painting, among the most prestigious philosophers and explorers

Question 3

Taos Pueblo

Answer 3

Pueblo, began 1450

a community/cluster of rooms built on top of each other, ceremonial rooms in the ground

-still around!!! kivas and towns aligned with the four directions

Question 4

kiva

Answer 4

subterranean ceremonial rooms

Hopi world view: connecting the earth with worlds that perceived them, emergence from and returning to the earth in death, life, natural cycles, connecting then with the powers that control the weather

Question 5

sfumato

Answer 5

smoky, misty haziness, the blurring and softening of form and line with glazes (ex: like in the Mona Lisa & in some of the Northern Europe art from 1400-1500)

-less emphasis on physicality of subject.. focus on who are they? what are they thinking? more emotional sides.. what does it mean?)

Question 6

basilica plan

Answer 6

Old Saint Peter’s (long nave & apse)

Question 7

sipapu

Answer 7

point of emergence from lower to upper (present or fourth world), aligned with cardinal direction, in north area of kiva

Question 8

Pueblo/pueblo

Answer 8

means “people, town, house”

-pueblo people: share common dwellings, religions, & lifestyles

pueblo- a cluster of rooms constructed on top of each other