Week 3 - Drugs Flashcards

Question

Typical antipsychotics

Answer 1

D2 blockers mostly variable absorption, lipid soluble, complex metabolism sides: sedation, extrapyramidal effects (dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskenesia) more sides: anticholinergic, orthostatis hypotension, neuroendocrine effects, cardiac effects (thioridazine), weight gain, seizures Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome- lethal hypodopaminergic side effect- hyperthermia, parkinson-like

Answer 2

Phenothiazines: - chlorpromazine, triflupromazine: low/med potency, sedative, anticholinergic - thioridazine, Mesoridazine: low potency, sedative, less extrapyramidal, anticholinergic - Trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine: high potency, less sedative, more EPS, less anticholinergic Chlorprothixene, thiothixene: similar to phenothiazines Haloperidol: similar to high-potency piperazine Pimozide: potent, tx of Tourette's

Answer 3

Block D2 and 5-HT2 usually less EPS side effects, less tardive dyskinesia better at improving negative sx

Answer 4

Clozapine= D4 and 5-HT2 blocker, muscarininc antagonist,, seizures, fatal agranulocytosis Olanzepine= fewer EPS sx, less seizures,, weight gain and diabetes Risperidone= less seizures and less antimuscarinic, available as IM inj,, metabolized to Paliperidone Quetiapine= shorter half-life, also for depression Ziprasidomne= may also be anxiolytic Aripiprazole= also for depression Asenapine, Iloperidone, Lurasidone

Answer 5

for Bipolar, blocks manic behavior no effect in normals inhibits IP2 to IP1, which blocks PIP2/IP3 recycling narrow therapeutic window, concentration influenced by Na concentration (inc Na excretion= inc Li levels) Sides: fatigue, tremor, GI, slurred speech, ataxia, serious toxicity at higher levels

Answer 6

Valproic acid / divalproex sodium: first line, sedating Carbamazepine: acts at Na channel Lamotrigine, topiramate: antiseizure Haloperidol (for initial control)

Answer 7

(Suboxone) used for treating opiate addiction,, also for pain mu partial agonist often mixed with naloxone to reduce abuse potential blocks cravings and prevents receptor activation (sets new baseline) highly safe

Answer 8

contains THC, cannabidiol, cannabinol, many more reaches brain in 30sec when smoked, 30min when ingested metabolized and distributed in fat duration of action is 1-6hrs, half life of 20-50hrs CB1 receptor- Gi inhibits transmitter release effects: memory impairment, worsens driving, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, bronchodilation, lowers testosterone, sperm ct anxiety, paranoia, worse schizophrenia, amotivational has tolerance and dependence- restlessness, irrability, craving Therapeutic use: control nausea (Dronabinol), AIDS wasting syndrome

Answer 9

NMDA antagonists autonomic and CV sympathomimetic- tachycardia, hypertension, potentiates catecholamines tolerance, no physical dependence Ketamine is less potent, shorter lasting than PCP numbness of extremities, analgesia, anaesthesia, resembles sensory isolation, cateleptoid motor PCP: anxiety, aggression, hallucinations, convulsions

Answer 10

Indoleamines: LSD, psilocybin, 5M-DMT Phenethylamines: MDMA (ecstasy), mescaline, amphetamines

Answer 11

highly potent, 12hr duration sympatheomimetic- tachycardia, inc BP, psychomotor stim visual hallucinations, lability of mood, impaired judgement action at 5-HT receptor flashbacks, possible neurotoxicity tolerance and cross-tolerance

Answer 12

``` feelings of well being and connection less potent onset 30min, duration 4hrs psychomotor stimulation, restlessness, bruxism, sweating, tremor hangover, maybe neurotoxicity ```

Answer 13

``` related to GABA, but doesn't act on GABA receptor duration 3hrs primarily a depressant interacts with ethanol drowsiness, ataxia, nausea amnesia at high doses ```

Answer 14

psychedelic, unpleasant to many 20-40min duration, dream-like Salvinorin-A= kappa opioid agonist

Week 3 - Drugs Flashcards

(38 cards)