Week 3 McGowan CIS Buzzwords Flashcards
1
Q
ECG
A
MI
2
Q
RUQ US
A
cholelithiasis
3
Q
ERCP
A
choledocolithiasis (dx and tx)
- do INR first to check clotting
4
Q
right renal US
A
pylonephritis
5
Q
FOBT
A
colon cancer screen
6
Q
urine antigen
A
strep pneumo
7
Q
fecal antigen or urea breath test
A
H. pylori
- MALToma risk factor
8
Q
subcutaneous emphysema, Hamand’s sign
A
esophageal perforation
9
Q
Barrett’s esophagus -> ?
A
esophageal adenocarcinoma
10
Q
stone in cystic duct
A
acute cholecystitis
11
Q
- positive murphy sign
- acoustic shadowing on RUQ US
- elevated bilirubin, elevated alk phos, leukocytosis
A
acute cholecystitis
12
Q
what is a complication of acute cholecystitis?
A
gangrenous necrosis
13
Q
stone in common bile duct
- proximal involvement?
- distal involvement?
A
choledocolithiasis
- proximal: liver and gallbladder
- distal: liver, gallbladder and pancreas!
14
Q
INR, ECRP, MRCP
A
choledocolithiasis
15
Q
what is a complication of choledocolithiasis? what causes it?
A
primary ascending cholangitis
- caused by UC
16
Q
rovsings sign
A
appendicitis
17
Q
coffee-ground emesis
A
PUD
18
Q
courvoisier sign
A
enlarged, NON-tender gallbladder
NOTE: gallbladder is fine, enlarged pancreas pushes gallbladder forward so you can feel it
19
Q
what are 2 alarm symptoms for gallstones?
A
- bariatric surgery
- weight loss
20
Q
leukocytosis, minorly elevated ast/alt
- elevated total bilirubin
- elevated ALP
- elevated lipase (NOT 3x ul of NL)
A
gallbladder issue
21
Q
Ogilvie syndrome
A
pseudo-obstruction (acute dilation of the colon)
22
Q
cushing ulcer
A
intracranial pressure -> ulcer
23
Q
what is Charcott’s triad?
A
- jaundice
- fever
- RUQ pain
24
Q
what is Raynaud’s pentad?
A
- jaundice
- fever
- RUQ pain
- altered mental status/confusion
- hypotension
25
decreased trypsinogen level
pancreatic insufficiency
26
fasting lipid panel
acute pancreatitis -> hyperlipidemia
27
ammonia level
hepatic encephalopathy
28
immune related bowel disease with ASCA antibodies
CD
29
what is the cause and complication of porcelain gallbladder?
- chronic cholecystitis leads to fibrosis and calcification
| - is a risk factor for gallbladder cancer
30
primary sclerosing cholangitis is a risk factor for what
cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer)
31
"beads on a string" finding on Xray, associated with UC
primary sclerosing cholangitis
32
HIDA scan with CCK
tests for biliary dyskinesia
- gallbladder should contract with CCK, so all the dye should come out
- low ejection fraction = obstruction
33
what would you order plain film Xray for?
nephrolithiasis, SBO, porcelain gallbladder
34
when would you order blood cultures?
bacteremia (ascending cholangitis)
35
ranson criteria
acute pancreatitis
36
ROME IV criteria
IBS
37
Rumack-Matthew nomogram
acetaminophen toxicity
38
HAPS score
acute pancreatitis
39
saponification
due to hypocalcemia (acute pancreatitis)
40
hepatic vein thrombosis
Bud-Chiari syndrome
classic triad:
- abd pain
- ascites
- liver enlargement
41
tardive dyskinesia
repetitive lip smacking seen with metoclopramide medication (given for gastroparesis)
42
chloride channel dysfunction
CF
43
- WBC > 16
- age > 55
- glucose > 200
- AST > 250
- LDH > 350
ranson criteria
44
- BUN > 25
- impaired mental status
- serous criteria (WBC, tachycardia)
- age > 60
- pleural effusion
BISAP criteria
45
IV NS at 250 cc/hr
acute pancreatitis -> LOTS of fluids pushed d/t third spacing!
46
emergent ERCP
ascending cholangitis
47
pantoprazole 40mg/day IV
PUD
48
open cholecystectomy
gallbladder cancer (not really done anymore)
49
SAPE
sentinel acute pancreatic event
| - initial episode of pancreatitis
50
TIGER-O mnemonic
for chronic pancreatitis
- toxic/metabolic
- idiopathic
- genetic
- autoimmune
- recurrent
- obstructive
51
parietal cell antibodies
autoimmune pancreatitis
52
panacinar emphysema
a1-AT def
53
hemoglobin AIC 14%
T2DM
54
fasting gastrin
ZES
55
herniation of mucosa in Killian's triangle
Zenker's diverticulum
56
decreased fecal chymotrypsin and fecal elastase
| - increased fecal fat
chronic pancreatitis
57
IV octreotide
for varices, to decrease portal pressure
58
hematemesis with suspected PUD?
1. give IV fluids
| 2. emergent EGD
59
air in abdominal cavity
perforated viscus
60
- elevated total bilirubin
- elevated ALP
- T1DM
- leukocytosis
**dark ring around gallbladder on US**
emphysematous gallbladder
NOTE: white area around gallbladder would indicated porcelain gallbladder (calcification shows up white, like bone)
61
ARDS
complication of acute pancreatitis
| - third spacing causes fluid backup in lungs!
62
prolonged PT/INR
liver failure, not enough clotting factors
63
strep bovis bacteremia
colon cancer
64
CA 19-9
pancreatic cancer OR cholangiocarcinoma
65
asterixis
hand flapping seen in liver failure
66
enlarged left supraclavicular lymph node
Virchow's node!
| - gastric cancer
67
hyper-pigmented macules on lips and buccal mucosa
Peutz-Jegher syndrome
68
inability to swallow or control own saliva
food impaction (eosinophilic esophagitis)
69
McMurray sign
meniscus sign
70
angioectasia
common cause of occult blood
71
Dieulafoy lesion
submucosal vascular anomaly of the stomach wall that comes and goes intermittently
- large tortuous arteriole that erodes and bleeds
72
fecal DNA testing
colon cancer
73
ASCA testing
CD
74
therapeutic phlebotomy
hemchromatosis (Yersinia)
75
DEXA scan
any malabsorptive condition (celiacs, CD)
76
Lynch syndrome
YOUNG cancer
- aka hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
- associated with endometrial, colon, ovarian, hepatobiliary, urinary tract cancer
77
rectal prolaspe
```
cystic fibrosis (sometime first sign)
- chloride channel mutation can lead to constipation -> hard to pass stools -> rectal prolapse
```
78
APC gene mutation
FAP
79
CEA
colon cancer tumor marker (NOT dx), but can following during treatment
80
abrupt appearance of multiple seborrhoeic keratoses that rapidly increase in size and number
sign of lesser trelat
| - can indicate colon cancer
81
decreased fecal elastase and chemotrypsin
pancreatic insufficiency
82
chronic diarrhea
- KUB Xray shows calcifications
- greasy foul smelling stool (steatorrhea)
- decreased fecal elastase and chemotrypsin
porcelain gallbladder -> chronic pancreatitis
83
what vitamin deficiency is associated with pernicious anemia, and various neuropathies (numbness, tingling, weakness)
B12
84
papulovesicular rash
dermatitis herpetiformis -> celiac!
85
ankylosing spondylitis
IBD
86
edema, joint pain, fever, swollen lymph nodes, heart murmur
| - gram positive bacillis with PAS positive macrophages
Whipple dz
87
sigmoid dilation of esophagus
achalasia
88
grey turner sign
acute pancreatitis (retroperitoneal bleed)
89
pANCA positive
UC
90
thousands of polyps on colonoscopy
FAP
91
widened mediastinum on CXR
aortic dissection
92
subcutaneous emphysema
Boerhaave's
93
dilated common bile duct
choledocolithiasis
94
smokes 1 pack per day, drinks 3 beers every night
- worsening dysphagia (now includes solids)
most likely dx?
what diagnostic study?
- dx: esophageal SCC
| - workup: EGD with biopsy
95
52 y/o obese WM with Barrett's esophagus, takes omeprazole daily
- worsening dysphagia, weight loss, fatigue
most likely dx?
how is this treated?
- dx: esophageal adenocarcinoma
| - tx: EGD with *ablation*
96
- painless jaundice
- new onset T2Dm
- courvoisier sign
- male >60
- drinking/smoking
pancreatic cancer
97
elevated AFP and hepatocellular mass?
| - hx of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and Hep C
hepatocellular carcinoma
98
"beads on a string"
primary sclerosis cholangitis
| - risk for cholangiocarcinoma
99
polyp >10mm can lead to what?
gallbladder cancer
100
intranasal drug use?
Hep C
101
GERD -> barretts -> ?
adenocarcinoma
102
alcohol abuse
| - low WBC, low Hg, low platelet
hyper spleen-ism
| - suppressed bone marrow
103
HFE gene mutation
hemachromatosis d/t Yersinia
104
CFTR gene mutation: CF is risk factor for what cancer?
pancreatic cancer
105
stool toxin, watery diarrhea
C. diff
106
stool antigen, watery malodorous diarrhea
Giardia
- kite/pear shaped
- 4 flagella, 2 nuclei
107
blood culture
Listeria
108
bloody diarrhea and pharyngitis
| - can have RLQ pain that mimics appendicitis
Yersinia
109
NGT to suction
SBO
110
is a bowel perforation an surgical emergency?
yes!
111
occlusion of the hepatic veins
- hepatomegaly
- abdominal pain
- ascites
Budd-Chiari syndrome
| - **contrast-enhanced** Doppler US is gold standard
112
liver biopsy
nutmeg liver
113
men aged 65-75 that have smoked need to be screened for what?
AAA
114
all patients over the age of 18 need to be screened for what, at least once?
Hep C, HIV
115
when would a transvaginal US be used in diagnosis?
ovarian torsion
116
acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO)
| - massive colonic distention without mechanical obstruction
Ogilvie's syndrome
| - usually seen in "super sick" ICU patients
117
what is tx of Ogilvie's syndrome?
supportive, with serial Xrays
118
areas of edema and bleeding that resemble thumb prints on Xray?
mesenteric ischemia
119
air fluid levels, with dilated loops of small bowel on CT
SBO
120
hyperechoic densities in ureter
nephrolithiasis
121
radiating pain below right scapula
Boas sign
| - indicative of cholecystitis
122
what is the tx of diverticulosis?
abx, NPO (clear liquids) to give bowels a rest
123
overcrowded swimming pools
cryptosporidium
124
Gullian Barre syndrome
campylobacter
125
colon perforation is a potential complication
C. diff associated TOXIC MEGACOLON
126
human T-cell lymphotrophic virus-1 (HTLV-1) is a risk factor
strongyloides
