Week 3 Mycvir Flashcards
(113 cards)
1
Q
A superficial fungi that is a member of the black yeasts-like species containing a wide hyphae that become profusely septate during growth of the fungus, they have annelidic conidiogenesis from broad scars
A
Hortea werneckii
2
Q
State 4 superficial fungi
A
- Hortea werneckii
- Malassezia furfur
- Piedraia hortae
- Trichosporon Beigelii/Ovoides
3
Q
What is the causative agent of Hortea werneckii?
A
Tinea nigra
4
Q
Is there a presence of fluorescence with the usage of Wood’s lamp in Hortea werneckii?
A
No fluorescence
5
Q
What are the specimens used in Hortea werneckii?
A
Skin scrapings from dark pigmented lesions
6
Q
What superficial fungi appears as irregularly shaped brown to black spots resembling Ag(NO3)2 stains.
A
Hortea werneckii
7
Q
True or False: Hortea werneckii are slow growers and typically matures within 1 week
A
False: they mature within 21 days
8
Q
Macroculture of hortea werneckii
A
[SDA + cycloheximide, antibacterial (chloramphenicol)]
9
Q
True or false: Reverse of colonial morphology of Hortea Werneckii is Olive green
A
False: Reverse is back
10
Q
Reservoir of hortea werneckii
A
Humid tropical and temperate areas
11
Q
Reservoirs
A
12
Q
Reservoir of malassezia furfur
A
Domestic animals, birds
13
Q
Causative agent of malassezia furfur
A
Pityriasis versicolor
14
Q
Site of infection of malassezia furfur
A
Stratum corneum
15
Q
Specimen used in malassezia furfur
A
Skin scrapings from discolored area, blood (tissue)
16
Q
Macroculture used in malassezia furfur
A
[SDA + Olive (vegetable) oil + antibacterial] - module
[SDA + cycloheximide + olive or vegetable oil] - ppt
17
Q
What is the media used in malassezia furfur?
A
Leeming and Notmann medium
18
Q
This specie under malassezia furfur is virtually omnipresent on human skin
A
M. Globosa
19
Q
This superficial fungi has lesions that appear as scaly (furfuraceous infection)
A
Malassezia furfur
20
Q
True or false: culture is not essential for ID unless the findings of direct microscopic examination are atypical (Malassezia furfur)
A
True
21
Q
Malassezia furfur:
Wood’s lamp: _______?
A
Yellow to light green fluorescence
22
Q
This specie resembles “spaghetti and meatball” appearance for its microscopic morphology. The yeasts show the presence of collarette between mother and daughter cells
A
Malassezia furfur
23
Q
What is the causative agent of piedraia hortae?
A
Black piedra
24
Q
What is the site of infection in piedra hortae
A
Eyebrows, eyelashes, and the scalp
25
What are the main causative agents of the skin infection pityriasis versicolor? (State the 4 agents)
M. Furfur
M. Sympodialis
M. Globosa
M. Slooffae
26
True or false: genus malassezia contains 20 lipid-dependent species that widely distributed in humans and other animals
False: contains 15 lipid-dependent species
27
Specimen used in piedraia hortae
Hair collected by clipping or by plucking
28
Macroculture used in piedraia hortae
[SDA+ thiamine (increase mycelial production]
29
This specie forms nodules that serve as ascostromata. It is also characterized by the presence of discrete, hard, gritty, dark brown to black nodules adhering firmly to the hair shaft
Piedraia hortae
30
True or false: Piedraia hortae; the disease caused by this specie is most likely chronic and can last for months or even years
True
31
True or False: The rate of growth of piedraia hortae are fast; which mature within 21 days
False; they are slow growers
32
True or false: the ascospores of Piedraia Hortae are more likely seen on culture than on direct microscopic examination
False: the ascospores are more likely to be seen on direct microspic examination of the specimen than on culture
33
This specie causes scalp hair white piedra that infects hair shaft characterized by the presence of soft white, yellowish, beige, or greenish nodules found chiefly on facial axil Larry, or genital hair and less commonly on the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes
Trichosporon ovoides
34
Is the cause of summer-type hypersensitivity in japan
T. Asahii
35
True or false: T. Asahii shares antigenicity with the capsular polysaccharide of C. Neoformans; this may yield a negative CALAS assay on serum of some patient
False: positive
36
What are the different trichosporon species?
T. Ovoides
T. Asahii
T. Mucoides
T. Inkin
T. Cutaneum
T. Asteroides
37
Growth of trichosporon species are:
Rapid; 5-7 days
38
What trichosporon causes most cases of public white piedra
Trichosporon inkin and T. Asahii
39
What trichosporon causes scalp hair, white piedra
Trichosporon ovoides
40
Jelly like mass laboratory diagnosis
Trichosporon species
41
What is the agar used in trichosporon species
Cornmeal- tween 80 agar at 25 C for 72
42
What specie has a positive marking on urease, 37C growth, inositol, arabinose, and, sorbitol
Note: systemic with preference for CNS; infects hair and nails
Trichosporon Mucoides
43
What trichosporon specie is negative upon the 37C growth but is positive in urease, inositol, arabinose and sorbitol
Note: rarely skin lesions and white piedra of underarm hairs
Trichosporon cutaneum
44
What trichosporon is urease positive but negative to 37 C growth, inositol, arabinose and sorbitol
Note. White piedra of head hairs; occasionally skin lesions
Trichosporon ovoides
45
What trichosporon is 0 on arabinose and sorbitol
Note: mostly white piedra of pubic hairs, occasionally systemic
Trichosporon inkin
46
What trichosporon is O in inositol and sorbitol?
Note: systemic with predilection for hematogenous dissemination
Trichosporon Asahii
47
“Plants if the skin” tinea, ringworm
Dermayophytes
48
What is the nitrogen source of dermatophytes
Keratin
49
What dermatophyte involves the infections involving the skin, nails, and hairs
Primary dermatophytoses
50
What dermatophytoses includes Infections involving other sites, systemic
Secondary dermatophytoses
51
Anamorphic genera of dermatophytes
1. microsporum
2. Trichophyton
3. Epidermophyton
52
What host are the normal epidemiological reservoir of the species
Population hosts
53
What type of host are species that may acquire infection but that do not support ongoing populations
Occasional hosts
54
True or False: dermatophytes are keratinophilic
True
55
Species almost exclusively infect humans, animals are rarely infected, and transmitted via direct or indirect contact
Anthropophilic
56
Species are soil-associated organisms, and soil per se soil borne keratin ours debris
Geophilic
57
Essentially pathogens of non-human mammals, or rarely birds, animal to animal transmission is not common
Zoophilic
58
What dermatophytes are cosmopolitan in nature?
T. Rubrum
59
This dermatophyte are geographically limited
T. Concentricum
60
True or False: Dermatophytes are anthrophophilic
True
61
Type of dermatophyte that is highly contagious and may spread rapidly within a family, institution, or school
Tinea capitis
62
Dermatophyte that is associated with shared clothing, towels, and sanitary facilities
Tinea cruris
63
What dermatophytes often involves communal showers, baths, or other aquatic facilities but may depend on environmental and host factors
Tinea pedis and tinea unguium
64
Suggested to require a dominant autosomal susceptibility gene
T. Rubrum and tinea pedis
65
Infection of the bearded areas of the face and neck, mousy ache
Tinea barbae
66
Infection of the scalp and hair shaft, eyebrows and eylashes
Tinea capitis
67
Infection of the glabrous skin on body parts
Tinea corporis
68
Infection of the hand (palms)
Tinea manuum
69
Infection of the feet (soles and toe webs)
Tinea pedis
70
Infection of the nails
Tinea unguium
71
An infection of the nail caused by any fungus, not necessarily caused by a dermatophyte
Onychomycosis
72
Generally manifests as infections of the keratinized tissues of humans, other mammals and birds
Primary dermatophytoses
73
Described as cutaneous infections resembling dermatophytoses that may occasionally be caused by yeasts or by unrelated filamentous fungi that are normally sap robes or plant pathogens
Opportunistic dermatomycoses
74
True or False: dermatophytes grow in an annular fashion on most affected regions, producing a “ring worm” infection form
True
75
Principal current risk factors for common forms of dermatophytosis: (AFPFEC)
Age
Family history of chronic dermatophytosis
Participation in athletics featuring extensive body contact
Foot maceration
Exchange of headgear, foot ware, or inadequately cleaned bedding
Contact with feral domestic animals
76
This type of dermatophyterpoduces erythematous circular lesions, scaly patch with sharply demarcated margins resulting in abnormal-looking patch of the skin
Tinea corporis
77
Agents of Tinea Corporis
T. Rubrum
Zoophilic dermatophytes
Any of the dermatophytes
78
“Jock itch” dermatophytosis of the proximal medial thighs, perineum, and buttocks
Tinea cruris
79
Agents of tinea cruris
T. Rubrum
E. Floccosum
80
Also called as the “athletes foot”. Dermatophytosis of the feet
Tinea pedis
81
agents of tinea pedis
T. Rubrum
E. Floccosum
82
Agents of tinea manuum
T. Mentagrophytes
T. Rubrum
E. Floccosum
83
True or false:
Superficial form of T. Barbae: resembles Zoophilic dermatophytes
Pustular form: associated with tinea corporis
False:
Superficial form: resemble tinea corporis
Pustular form: associated with Zoophilic dermatophytes
84
Agents under tinea barbae
T. Verrucosum
T. Mentagrophytes
85
Agents under tinea unguium
T rubrum
T. Interdigitale
86
This type of agent under tinea unguium May cause proximal-subungual tinea unguium
T. Rubrum
87
This agent is a nodular variant of T. Mentagrophytes
T. Interdigitale
88
Agents of tinea capitis
T. Tonsurans
M. Canis
89
Specialized form of tinea corporis
Lesions are ring like growth in overlapping circles
Tinea imbricata
90
Agents of Tinea imbricata
T. Concentricum
91
Three types of hair colonization:
1. Ectothrix
2. Endrothrix
3. Favic
92
Lesions may have a mousy odor
Favic
93
It is characterized by the occurrence of dense masses of mycelium and epithelial debris which forms yellowish, cup-shaped crusts called scutula
Favic
94
What type of hair colonization has a Dull green appearance under the wood’s lamp
Favic
95
This type of hair colonization have hairs that are wood’s lamp negative
Endothrix
96
This type of hair colonization leaves a grayish patch “gray patch” in the patch if the hair stubs
Endothrix
97
This type of hair colonization; anthroconidia appear as a “tile mosaic sheath” around the hair or as chains on the surface of the hair shaft
Ectothrix
98
M. Canis, m. Audouinii, m. Ferrugineum infections, colonized hair fluoresce what color under the wood’s lamp
Green
99
M. Canis and M. Gypseum that show wedge- shaped perforations perpendicular to the hair shaft indicates what result?
Positive test result
100
What type of dermatophyte specie has a Drop shaped microconidia
Microsporum audouinii
101
This dermatophyte specie is distributed worldwide. It is also anthropophilic
M. Audoinii
102
Specimen used in M. Audouinii
Hair and skin scrapings
103
Differential test under M. Audouinii
1. Polished cooked rice and hair perforation test (negative for both)
2. Does not grow at all on the rise grains or it grows poorly and produces a pigment
104
This is a ectothrix type of infection resulting tow gray patch tinea capitis
Microsporum canis
105
Microsporum canis is positive for fluorescence test having a pigment of what color?
Yellow to green
106
Differential test of microsporum canis
Hair perforation test: positive
Polished rice test: Yellow pigment
107
Differential test for microsporum gypseum
Hair perforation test and Polished rice test: positive
Grows well on sterile rice grains: yellow pigment and characteristics conidia are formed
108
Differential test for Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Hair porforation test: positive
Growth in trichophyton agar: not enhanced by inositol and thiamine
Urease test: positive for <4 days colonies
note; tests positive beyond 4 days are no longer significant
109
Surface is brownish yellow to olive or khaki with a suede like surface
Epidermophyton floccosum
110
Convulated with glabrous texture, heaped or folded topography (slightly velvety whitish colony)
Favic chandeliers or nail head hyphae are present
Trichophyton schoenleinlii
111
Macroconidia abundant, club shaped, sometime with rat tail extension
Colony characteristics; powdery to low velvety, cream to deep red
Trichophyton rubrum
112
Type of dermatophyte that has a colonial characteristics of granular to powdery, yellow# cream to buff surface
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes
113
This dermatophyte has a colonial characteristics having granular, sandy in color, or occasionally light cinnamon or rosy buff
Microsporum gypseum
