Week 3 Neuromuscular/Musculoskeletal Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is cerebral palsy?
A nonprogressive motor disorder of the CNS resulting in an alteration in movement and posture
WHat causes cerebral palsy?
Trauma, Hemorrhage, anoxia, infection
What are the four types of CP?
- Spastic
- Athetoid
- Ataxic
- Mixed
What is a common sign of CP in infants?
Scissor legs
What are some complications of CP, depending on the type and location
- Altered speech
- Delayed development
- Seizures
- Difficulty swallowing, seeing, and/or hearing
- motor dysfunction
What are some nursing management for children with CP
- Support positive self-image
- Increase caloric intake
- Provide a safe environment
What is the “Goal” of CP?
Safe care
What are some medications used to treat the symptoms of CP?
- Diazepam
- Dantrolene
- Baclofen
- Botox
What is Muscular Dystrophy?
Progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle
MS has a genetic factor and ____ are more commonly affected
Males
Most patients with MS die before the age of
20
What is the most common cause of death in a patient with MS
respiratory failure
What is one “sign” that a child has MS?
Gowers sign
What is Gowers sign?
When a child gets up using mostly upper body strength
What are some assessments that point to MS?
- Missing milestones after 3 years
- Gowers sign
- INcreased weakness
- Muscle atrophy
- Scoliosis/Fractures
Most children with MS will be in a ___ by age 12
Wheel chair
What is spina bifida?
An umbrella term referring to neural tube defects
What is spina bifida occulta?
The nerves are not affected, but the spine is missing a column and there is a noticeable dimple in the back
What is Meningocele
When the is a malformed section of the spine and the meninges forms a pouch protruding out the back with no nerves present in the pouch
what is Myelomeningocele?
When the is a malformed section of the spine and the meninges forms a pouch protruding with spinal nerves present
what is encephalocele?
the pouch of meninges or meninges and nerves at the top of the head
What should the nurse do if a child is born with an unknown spina bifida?
cover it with saline soaked gauze
How much folic acid should women of child bearing age have each day?
0.4mg
How do fractures differ in children?
- The heal faster
- They have different patterns
- Young athletes are at risk for stress fractures
- Treated differently because the bones are still growing
