Week 3 - Pharynx

Question 1

Alternitive name for the nostrils?

Answer 1

Nares

Question 1

Alterntive name for the cupids bow?

Answer 1

Philtrum

Question 2

The pharynx is made up of three cavities, what are they?

Answer 2

• Nasopharynx
• Oropharynx
• Laryngopharynx

Question 3

The muscles of the pharynx are split into three sections what are they?

Answer 3

• Superior constrictor
• Middle constrictor
• Inferior constrictor

Question 4

What is the job of the muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 4

They pull the pharyngeal walls inwards and forward to constric the pharyngeal tube

Question 5

What does the salpingopharyngeus do?

Answer 5

Pulls side walls UP and IN

Question 6

What does the stylopharyngeus do?

Answer 6

Pulls side walls OUT and UP

Question 7

What does the palatopharyngeus do?

Answer 7

Pulls side walls IN and UP

Question 8

What are the 4 parts to the nasal cavity?

Answer 8

• Nasal Fossae
• Nasal septum
• Hard palate
• The eustachian tube

Question 9

What is the nasal fossae?

Answer 9

The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities known as fossae

Question 10

Whhat is the nasal septum?

Answer 10

A wall of cartillage divides the nose into 2 seperate chambers

Question 11

What is the hard palate (in relation to the nasal cavity)?

Answer 11

It formally seperates the oral cavity from the nasal cavities, forming the floor of the nasal cavity and the roof of the oral cavity

Question 12

What is the eustachin tube?

Answer 12

it is an opening that connects the middle ear with the nasal sinus cavity

Question 13

What does the eutachin tube help to do?

Answer 13

• Balance pressure in the middle ear
• Drain fluid from the middle ear

Question 14

What two things make up the oropharynx cavity?

Answer 14

• Anterior faucial pillar (palatoglossus muscle)
• Posterior faucial pillar (palatopharyngeal muscle)

Question 15

Is the velopharyngeal port opened or closed during swallowing?

Answer 15

closed during swallowing

Question 16

Is the velopharyngeal port opened or closed when breathing through the nose?

Answer 16

Open to allow air thruogh nasal cavities

Question 17

Is the velopharyngeal port opened or closed for oral sounds?

Answer 17

Closed to allow high air pressure oral sounds

Question 18

What does the palatal levato do?

Answer 18

Draws velum UP and BACK

Question 19

Whats another name for palatal levator?

Answer 19

Levator veli palatini

Question 20

Glossopalatine (palatoglossal) does what?

Answer 20

Can pull velum DOWN and BACKWARDS

Question 21

Pharyngopalatine (palatopharyngeus) does what?

Answer 21

Can pull velum DOWN and BACKWARDS

Question 22

What are some possible imprarements of velum?

Answer 22

• cleft palate
• Bifid/split uvula
• Velopharyngeal incompetence
• Enlarge tonsils

Question 23

The velopharyngeal development in infants

Answer 23

• In infants the larynx moves up and down lengthening pharynx
• velophaynx closes for vocalisation at approx. 2 months
• Adenoids grow during children and then atrophy

Question 24

Which muscle forms a sling around the velum that functions to elevate the palate?

Answer 24

Levator veli palatini

Question 25

What is the other name for the nasopharyngeal tonsil?

Answer 25

- adenoid

Question 26

What are the nasal choanae?

Answer 26

They are the openings of the nasal cavities into the nasopharynx

Question 27

What is the other name for the auditory tube?

Answer 27

Eustachian tube

Question 28

When you ask someone to say "ah" and look into her mouth, the part of the pharynx you can see without special equiptment is:

Answer 28

The oropharynx

Question 29

When the paired palatal levator muscles contracts, the velum is:

Answer 29

Lifted upward and backward, on an angle toward the back wall of the pharynx

Question 30

The three divisions of the pharynx, from top to bottom, are the:

Answer 30

- nasopharynx - oropharynx - laryngopharynx

Question 31

What do the superio, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles have in common?

Answer 31

- Each of the muscles has fibres that arise from multiple structures - Contraction of any one of the three muscles can produce a regional reduction in the cross-sectional dimensions of the pharyngeal tube - Each of the muscles insterts to the median raphe

Question 31

Where is the boundry between the nasopharynx and the oropharynx?

Answer 31

at the level of the hard palate

Question 32

When the paired palatal levator muscle contracts, the velum is:

Answer 32

Lifted upward and backward, on an angle towards the back wall of the pharynx

Question 33

What do the glossopalatine and pharyngopalatine muscles have in common?

Answer 33

both muscles appear to have the mechanical abiltiy to pull down on the velum

Question 34

What is the velopharyngeal port?

Answer 34

The opening between the oral and nasal cavities

Question 35

During sustained consonants sounds such as /s/ or /n/ or /r/, when is airtight velopharangeal closure absolutely required?

Answer 35

- When the sound is one for which there is requirement that air pressure in th moral cavity is raised above atmospheric pressure (such as during the friction interval of an /s/)