Week 3 quiz

Question 1

Fertility Rate

Answer 1

Number of births per 1000 women between ages 15 and 44 (inclusive)

Question 2

Infant mortality rate

Answer 2

Number of deaths of infants younger than 1 year per 1000 live births

Question 3

Birth rate

Answer 3

Number of births in 1 year per 1000 population

Question 4

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 4

Number of maternal deaths from births and complications from pregnancy, birth, and puerperium, per 100,000 live births

Question 5

Neontal mortality rate

Answer 5

Number of deaths of infants younger than 28 days of age per 1000 live births.

Question 6

Most common causes of neonate mortality

Answer 6

• Preterm birth
• Intrapartum-related complications
• Infections and birth defects

Question 7

Perinatal mortality rate

Answer 7

Number of stillbirths and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births

Question 8

Still birth

Answer 8

An infant who at birth shows no signs of life such as breathing, beating heart, or voluntary muscle movements.

Question 9

The two ovarian hormones that impact the uterine endometrium and their impact.

Answer 9

• Estrogen: Effects bone growth in females, as higher levels help close the epiphyseal lines of long bones around the time of menarche
• Progesterone: Helps maintain pregnancy and also helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy

Question 10

The two pituitary hormones that impact egg maturation in the human female

Answer 10

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 11

The two pituitary hormones that impact egg maturation in the human female

Answer 11

• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 12

Signs of complications of IUD (PAINS)

Answer 12

○ P - period late, abnormal spotting or bleeding
○ A - abdominal pain, pain with intercourse
○ I - infection exposure, abnormal vaginal discharge
○ N - Not feeling well, fever or chills
○ S - string missing, shorter or longer

Question 13

Medical and lifestyle Contraindications for use of IUD

Answer 13

• Heavy smokers over the age of 35
• HTN, coronary artery disease
• Strong familial history of diabetes with vascular complications

Question 14

Medical and lifestyle Contraindications for use of birth control pills

Answer 14

• increased risk of cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer
• S/E: N/V, possible wt gain, possible breakthrough bleeding initially, Milf HTN,
  breast tenderness, mood changes

Question 15

Signs and complications w/ oral contraceptions (ACHES)

Answer 15

○ A - abdominal pain: may indicate a problem with liver or gallbladder
○ C - Chest pain or shortness of breath: indicates clot problem within lungs or heart
○ H - headaches (sudden or persistent): may be caused by CVA or HTN
○ E - eye problems: indicate vascular accident or HTN
○ S - severe leg pain: indicates a thromboembolic process

Question 16

Contraindications of BCP

Answer 16

○ Hist of thromboembolic disorders
○ CVA or coronary artery disease
○ Breast cancer, Estrogen dependent tumors, and pregnancy
○ Impaired liver function, liver tumor, lactation less than 6 wks postpartum
○ Smoking if older than 35 years of age, migraine with aura
○ Surgery with prolonged immobilization or any surgery on the legs
○ HTN over or equal to 160/100, diabetes mellitus, and vascular disease

Question 17

Baseline FHR

Answer 17

Approximate average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm during a 10
minute segment. Sometimes using a line that appears down the middle of the bpms can
be helpful.

Question 18

Early labor

Answer 18

mild contractions every 5 - 15 minutes that last 60 - 90 seconds

Question 19

Active labor

Answer 19

contractions about every 3 minutes, that last about 45 seconds.

Question 20

Second stage of labor

Answer 20

contractions closer together (2 - 5 min) lasting 60 - 90 seconds. (When baby is delivered)

Question 21

Stage 3 of labor

Answer 21

Placenta is delivered

Question 22

Variability

Answer 22

Variability is good. We want it to vary in a range of 6 - 25 BPM (moderate).

Question 23

Accelerations

Answer 23

Good ! Most common FHR change
○ abrupt increase in FHR above baseline peak

Question 24

Early Decelerations

Answer 24

○ Early: assoc. w/ uterine contractions. 1st stage of labor. More than 15 bpm drop from baseline, lasting at least 2 min. Reassuring assoc. w/ baro & chemoreceptors.

Question 25

Variable decelerations

Answer 25

not good. w/ or w/ out contractions. Drop in at least 15 bpm, for 15 sec to 2 min. Could be cord compression = change mom’s position

Question 26

Late decelerations

Answer 26

After peak or “nadir” of contraction. Lasts less than 2 min. Could indicate insufficient fetal oxygen reserve. Acidemia can happen.

Question 27

Cephalocaudal direction

Answer 27

• travel from head to toe the 1st year of life in increments of 3 months
• Then, 2nd year of life go in increments of 6 months

Question 28

Developmental milestone: 3 mon

Answer 28

maintains head upright (head)

Question 29

Developmental milestone: 6 mon

Answer 29

Sits upright (trunk)

Question 30

Developmental milestone: 9 mon

Answer 30

crawling (legs)

Question 31

Developmental milestone: 12 mon

Answer 31

Walking/taking 2 - 3 steps (feet)

Question 32

Developmental milestone: 18 mon

Answer 32

Running (legs)

Question 33

Developmental milestone: 2 yrs

Answer 33

Jumping (feet leave ground)

Question 34

Theorists and summary of their “Emotional Growth and Development” theories

Answer 34

○ Sigmund Freud = theory of psychosexual development
○ Jean Piaget = cognitive development
○ Erik Erickson = psychosocial theory
○ Lawrence Kohlberg = moral development

Question 35

Freud’s theory

Answer 35

■ Oral stage is birth to 1 year: erogenous zone is mouth
■ Anal stage: 1 - 3 yr, erogenous zone is bowel and bladder control
■ Phallic stage: 3 - 6 yr, erogenous zone is genitals
■ Latent stage: 6 - puberty, libido inactive
■ Genital stage: puberty to death, maturing sexual interest

Question 36

Piaget’s theory

Answer 36

○ Cognitive development = ways in which the mind organizes and adapts to its
environment
○ Schema = individuals framework of thought. Categories that an individual forms
in order to organize and understand the world.
○ Assimilation = ability to incorporate new ideas, objects, experiences into one’s
framework of thoughts. You use what you know, to understand new info.
○ Accommodation = ability to change a schema to introduce new ideas etc. This
changes the mental structure so that new experiences can be added.

Question 37

Piaget’s accommodation stages

Answer 37

Sensorimotor: birth - 2 yrs. From reflex activity to imagining. Learns about
reality.
■ Preoperational stage: 2 - 7 yrs. Learns concept of past, present, future.
Moves from thinking in senses, to thinking in solution problems and active
thought. Egocentric, no abstract thinking.
■ Concrete operational: 7 - 11 yrs. Able to classify and order facts. Can
solve concrete problems though logic. Begins abstract thinking. Less
egocentric.
■ Formal operational: 11 - adult. Can think abstractly and logically. Solves
abstract and concrete probs.

Question 38

Erickson’s theory

Answer 38

Psychosocial development occurs through a series of crises affected by social and cultural factors. Unsuccessful resolution of crises can leave a person emotionally disabled.

Question 39

Erickson’s developmental stages

Answer 39

Infancy (birth - 18 mo): Trust vs mistrust. Task is attachment to the primary caregiver.
■ Early childhood (18 m - 3 yrs): Autonomy vs shame and doubt. Task is gaining some basic control over self and environment
■ Late childhood (3 - 6 yrs): Initiative vs guilt. Task is becoming purposeful and directive
■ School age (6 - 12 yrs): Industry vs inferiority. Task is developing social, physical and learning skills
■ Adolescence (12 - 20 yrs): Identity vs role confusion. Task is Developing sense of identity.
■ Early adulthood (20 - 35 years): Intimacy vs isolation love and friendship. Task is establishing intimate bonds of family.
■ Middle adulthood (35 - 65 yrs): Generativity vs stagnation. Task is fulfilling life goals, family, career, society.
■ Later adulthood (65 years - death): Integrity vs Despair. Task is looking back over life, and accepting its meaning.

Question 40

Kohlberg

Answer 40

• Level One: Pre-conventional Morality
• Level two: Conventional Morality → child conforms to rules to please others
• Level Three: Post-conventional Morality. Develops in adolescents around age 14