Week 3 Textbook Chapter 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Def: Hypothetico-Deductive method?
A research method that formulates a testable hypothesis to explain a social phenomenon, deduces predictions from the hypothesis and , when the prediction if falsified by observable data, rejects the theory and develops a new hypothesis.
Def: Concept?
an abstract general idea inferred or derived from particular instances or occurrences, describes the general characteristics or the essential features of something.
Def: Hypothesis?
An untested statement or proposition that specifies the relationship between two theoretical concepts and their indicators.
Def: Variable?
Something that can be observed and measured at different levels in the real world
Def: Empirical Generalization?
statement based on pattern across different empirical observations that does not necessarily occur in all circumstances
Wallace Wheel?
way to inductively create a theory Gather Info (Observations) -> Identify themes (Empirical Generalization) -> Inductive Reasoning to create theory -> Apply Theory Deductively -> Test hypothesis -> Address Research Questions
Cross-sectional Research: def, pros and cons?
A research design in which data are collected at a single point in time.
Pro’s: good for looking at opinions, low cost
Cons: human error (memory)
Definition: time series research ( or “trend study”)?
Research design in which given characteristics of a population are analyzed at regular intervals over time
Definition: Longitudinal Research?
Research design in which data are collected more than once over a period of time
Definition: Cohort Study?
longitudinal research in which data are collected at different points in time from individuals who belong to a particular group or category.
Definition Panel study?
longitudinal research in which data are collected from the same individuals at different points in time.
Definition: Etic?
An outsider perspective, they investigate the events and behaviour under investigation.
Definition: Emic?
An insider perspective: events and behaviour under investigation are interpreted based on what they mean to the social actors involved.
Accountability Model?
As individuals become more concerned about crime, their confidence in police decreases
Reassurance Model?
More confidence people have in police, less concern about crime
Literature review?
Systemic summary, comparison, etc. of the scientific knowledge published on a topic
Historical Review?
Systematic presentation of key developments in theory and research over time
Methodological Review?
Systematic summary of research methods applied in prior research; used to assess the methods effects on findings and conclusions
Contextual Review?
Systematic summary and comparison of theory and research to provide the rationale for new research
Chronological Review?
Literature review that presents theory and prior research on a subject in order of chronological time
Thematic Review?
Literature review that presents theories, methods, or findings on a subject in groups related to future research endeavors
Definition: sampling?
Process of choosing observations to describe facets and elements of society articulated in research questions
Definition: Research Ethics?
Ethical standards that are accepted by the scientific community and hold researchers responsible for their professional conduct
definition: Informed Consent
Agreement of participate in a study after being made aware of purpose, process, risks and benefits, and intended usages of data
