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LPLD A > Week 3 - vowels, dipthongs & IPA > Flashcards

Week 3 - vowels, dipthongs & IPA Flashcards

1
Q

What are monophtongs?

A

Single vowel sounds

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2
Q

What are diphtongs?

A

Two vowel sounds

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3
Q

What is height of a vowel?

A

The height of tongue in the mouth or openness of jaw

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4
Q

What is a high height / closed jaw vowel?

A

/i/

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5
Q

What is a mid height / mid jaw vowel?

A

/e/

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6
Q

What is a low height/ open jaw vowel?

A

/a/

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7
Q

What is Backness?

A

The tongue is positioned front, centre or back

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8
Q

What is a front vowel?

A

/i/ , /e/, /ae/

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9
Q

What is a back vowel?

A

/u/ , /o/

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10
Q

What is roundedness?

A

The posture of the lips - /u/

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11
Q

What is /ə/ ?

A

Schwa - thIRd, tURn, wORse
(closed-mid, central)

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12
Q

What is /ɜ/ ?

A

e.g. nURse
(open-mid, central)
*jaw drops slightly compared to schwa

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13
Q

What is /i/?

A

= eee
(closed, front)

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14
Q

What is /a/?

A

e.g. far

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15
Q

What is /e/ / ɛ / ?

A

e.g. brEAd, - eh
(open-mid, front)

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16
Q

What is / æ / ?

A

e.g. cAt
(open, back)

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17
Q

What is / ɪ /?

A
  • short e sounds e.g. kIt
    (near front, near close)
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18
Q

What is /u/?

A

e.g. gOOse (rounded)
(closed, back)

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19
Q

What is /ɒ/?

A

e.g. lOt
(rounded open, back )

20
Q

What is /ɔ/?

A

e.g. tALk, lAW
(rounded, back, open-mid

21
Q

What is /ʌ /?

A

e.g. strUt, fUn
(near back/back, near close)
- like southern

22
Q

What is /ʊ/?

A

e.g pUt, lOOk
(rounded, near back, near close)

23
Q

What symbol for long vowels?

A

colon :
/a:/

24
Q

What is a closing dipthong?

A

Tongue moves from open to close position
- . /eɪ/ as in face

25
Q

What is a centring dipthong?

A

2nd part of the diphthong is more open than the first part - from close to open such as /eɪ/ - hERE

26
Q

What is /eɪ/ ?

A

“ay”
- day, pay

27
Q

What is /aɪ/ ?

A

“eye”
- sky, buy

28
Q

What is /ɔɪ/ ?

A

“oy”
- boy, toy

29
Q

What is /ɪə/?

A

“eere”
- hear, beer

30
Q

What is /eə/ ?

A

“air”
- bear, pair

31
Q

What is /ʊə/ ?

A

“ore”
- tour, poor

32
Q

What is /əʊ/ ?

A

“oh”
- phone, no, so

33
Q

What is /aʊ/ ?

A

“ow”
- how, now, cow

34
Q

What are the articulators?

A

The part that moves to make that certain syllable e.g. tongue, lips

35
Q

What is a closing diphthong?

A

Tongue moves from open to close position e.g. /eI/ “face”

36
Q

What is a centring diphthong?

A

Tongue moves from close to open position. e.g. ɪə - “here”

37
Q

What are syllabic sonorant consonants?

A
  • continuous, non-turbulent airflow such as midDLE - not a vowel but SSC
38
Q

What are the sonorant consonants?

A

Nasals and approximants - n, ng, m, w, j, l , r

39
Q

What is the nucleus of a syllable?

A

The peak - the vowel or sonorant consonant

40
Q

What is the onset of a syllable?

A

The bit before the nucleus e.g. STraw

41
Q

What is the coda of a syllable?

A

The bit after the nucleus e.g. teNT

42
Q

What is the Rime?

A

Nucleus + coda (don’t always need a coda, still called rime)

43
Q

Why do humans need syllables?

A

To segment speech stream, give a rhythm, easier to process

44
Q

How to transcribe syllable structures?

A

Sound out consonants C and vowels V, use . to separate syllables and don’t look at the number of letters

45
Q

What are Pulmonic Consonants?

A

Consonants produced on an egressive air stream - still unclear about this

46
Q

Where are non-standard British English sounds found?

A

Regional variations e.g. north east - glottal stop
Speaker of other languages e.g. voiced retroflex approximants in urdu

47
Q

What are Diacritics?

A

indicates a difference in pronunciation - a little / underneath the letter
- used often in syllabic consonants such as mid/l

LPLD A (9 decks)

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