Week 4

Question 1

Thee body’s “first line of defense” against disease and infection is it’s

Answer 1

Nonspecific defense mechanisms

Question 2

The body’s second line of defense against disease and infection is its

Answer 2

Specific defense mechanisms

Question 3

The body’s physical barriers against disease and infection include all of the following EXCEPT:

Respiratory mucus, vertebral column, spinal cord fluid, sweat glands

Answer 3

Sweat glands

Question 4

Which of the following are nonspecific immune system cells?

Phagocytes, antibodies, complement, epitomes

Answer 4

Phagocytes

Question 5

The immune system:

Answer 5

Fights circulatory and blood vessel infections

Question 6

Which body system is affected by the thymus gland secreting thymosin?

Answer 6

Endocrine

Question 7

Lymphocytes are made from ____ stem cells

Answer 7

Hemopoietic

Question 8

b-cells are a type of

Answer 8

Lymphocyte

Question 9

Animal pathogens

Answer 9

Bacteria, rickettsia, parasites

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a type of parasite?

Bacterial, protozoal, helminthes, rickettsia

Answer 10

Rickettsia

Question 11

_____ are single called eukaryotes that play a vital role in controlling the number of bacteria.

Answer 11

Protozoa

Question 12

The shape of bacteria is not

Answer 12

Crystaline

Question 13

Bacteria divided into three planes or in a “eight pack” cube is a _____ arrangement

Answer 13

Sarcina

Question 14

Which of the following are parasitic microorganisms, made up of small rod shaped coccoids that live in the gut of Arthropods such as lice, fleas, ticks, and mites?

Parasites, Protozoa, rickettsia. Viruses

Answer 14

Rickettsia

Question 15

Of the following anti fungal dugs, which is available in a 150mg tablet?

Miconazole, butocazole, fluconazole, tioconazole

Answer 15

Fluconazole

Question 16

The most common for of HIV is

Answer 16

HIV 1

Question 17

Approximately ____ f autoimmune disease affect women

Answer 17

75%

Question 18

The site of action for Crohn’s disease is

Answer 18

The gut or intestine

Question 19

The site of action for myasthenia gravis disease is

Answer 19

The muscles

Question 20

Pathogens are transmitted by all of the following EXCEPT:

Ingestion, physical contact, inhalation, hand washing

Answer 20

Hand washing

Question 21

Penicillins are divided into _____ groups of varying spectrums of activity

Answer 21

Four

Question 22

________ are “chemical cousins” to penicillins, meaning that patients with penicillin allergies have a chance of cross sensitivity

Answer 22

Cephalosporins

Question 23

Penicillin V potassium belongs to the _____ generation of penicillin

Answer 23

First

Question 24

Mezlocillin belongs to the _______ generation of penicillin

Answer 24

Fourth

Question 25

Amoxicillin belongs to the _____ generation of penicillin

Answer 25

Second

Question 26

Cefaclor belongs to the ______ generation of cephalosporins

Answer 26

Second

Question 27

Cefadroxil belongs to the ____ generation of cephalosporins

Answer 27

First

Question 28

Miniocycline belongs to which drug classification?

Answer 28

Tetracycline

Question 29

Ofloxacin belongs to which drug classifications?

Answer 29

Fluoroquinolones

Question 30

To army in sulfate belongs to which drug classification?

Answer 30

Aminoglycosides

Question 31

Azithromycin belongs to which drug classification?

Answer 31

Macrolides

Question 32

Gastrisin belongs to which drug classification

Answer 32

Sulfonamides

Question 33

Isoniazid belongs to which drug classification

Answer 33

Antituberculin

Question 34

Metronidazole belongs to which drug classification

Answer 34

Antiprotozoal

Question 35

Itraconazole belongs to which drug classification

Answer 35

Antifungals

Question 36

Babies from birth to 1 month of age are called

Answer 36

Neonates

Question 37

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are considered ______ processes.

Answer 37

Pharmacokinetics

Question 38

Drug ________ is the process by which a drug enters the blood stream

Answer 38

Absorption

Question 39

Neonates and infants have smaller _____, which can affect absorption of medication as much as over all weight

Answer 39

Skeletal structures

Question 40

Why do the youngest patients have less blood flow to their muscles than do older people?

Answer 40

Limited physical activity

Question 41

Medication administered to a pediatric patient by IM injection will be absorbed ____ in an adult

Answer 41

More slowly than

Question 42

Intramuscular injection in pediatric patients increase risk of ______ because of slower absorption

Answer 42

Decreased bioavailability

Question 43

The pH of a neonates digestive system is less acidic than a adult’s which can lead to ______ and lower blood levels of a drug

Answer 43

Decreased bioavailability

Question 44

There are fewer _______ in pediatric patients than in adults, allowing more of a drug to remain unbound or “free” in the body

Answer 44

Plasma proteins

Question 45

Diarrhea and vomiting can cause dehydration in pediatric patients, leading to

Answer 45

Amplified drug effects and higher drug concentrations

Question 46

The chemical alteration of a drug (or other substance)by the body is known as

Answer 46

Metabolism

Question 47

Which organs are most involved in metabolism and excretion?

Answer 47

Liver and kidneys

Question 48

What places pediatric patients at risk of drug accumulation and possible toxicity?

Answer 48

Slower metabolism and excretion

Question 49

What kind of drugs can be escorted by the kidneys

Answer 49

Water soluble

Question 50

What kind of drugs pass readily into cell membranes composed mostly of fatty substances,such as the brain

Answer 50

Lipid soluble

Question 51

Valproic acid and Clint Amy in are examples of drugs that are ______ in children than in adults

Answer 51

Metabolized more rapidly

Question 52

Who should not receive medications containing benzyl alcohol?

Answer 52

Neonates

Question 53

What type of drug can stunt pediatric growth?

Answer 53

Steroids

Question 54

Which type of dosage form is most likely to help with compliance in pediatric patients?

Answer 54

Flavored liquids

Question 55

Formulas for calculating dosage based on _____ age considered the least reliable

Answer 55

Age

Question 56

The FDA recommend that OTC cough and cold products not be used for infants and children under __ years of age because serious and potentially life threatening side effects can occur

Answer 56

2

Question 57

Which of the following is a formula for calculating pediatric dosage based on weight? Young’s rule, Clark’s rule

Answer 57

Clark’s rule

Question 58

What could cause a pediatric dosage calculation to be considerably wrong?

Answer 58

Patient significantly over or underweight

Question 59

What is the recommended dosage of acetaminophen for a child weighing 6-11lbs?

Answer 59

0.4 ml of 80mg/0.8ml drops

Question 60

What percentage of poisonings in the US happens to children under age 6?

Answer 60

50%

Question 61

What medication is the most commonly involved in cases of pediatric poisoning?

Answer 61

Cough/ cold medications

Question 62

What is not recommended for treating a poisoned patient?

Answer 62

Syrup of ipecac

Question 63

Which agency recommends a schedule of vaccines for persons from age 0 to 18?

Answer 63

CDC

Question 64

Seen in allergic reaction

Answer 64

Hives

Question 65

Substance that stimulates antibody formation

Answer 65

Antigen

Question 66

A hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 66

Allergy

Question 67

Engulfing

Answer 67

Phagocytosis

Question 68

Protective blood protein

Answer 68

Antibody

Question 69

A type of cancer

Answer 69

Sarcoidosis

Question 70

Autoimmune disease

Answer 70

Hodgkin’s disease

Question 71

Infection acquired in the hospital

Answer 71

Nosocomial

Question 72

Blood test for AIDS

Answer 72

ELISA

Question 73

Immunization

Answer 73

Vaccination