Week 4 Muscle System

Question 1

What is the functions of muscle? (7)

Answer 1

-Provide movement
-Give shape
-Maintain posture
-Act as sphincters
-Provide protection
-Glycogen storage
-Generate heat

Question 2

How many different muscles do you have?

Answer 2

approximately 700

Question 3

How much of your body mass is muscle?

Answer 3

40-50%

Question 4

What are the important properties of muscles? (4)

Answer 4

-Electrical excitability
-Contractility
-Extensibility
-Elasticity

Question 5

What are the types of muscle tissue? (3)

Answer 5

-Skeletal
-Cardiac
-Smooth

Question 6

Where are skeletal muscles found?

Answer 6

Attached to bone. skin or fascia

Question 7

What is the shape of skeletal muscle cells?

Answer 7

Long, cylindrical, multi-nucleated, striated cells

Question 8

What type of control does skeletal muscle posses?

Answer 8

Voluntary control (activated by reflexes)

Question 9

How does skeletal muscle move/operate?

Answer 9

Fast contraction and fatigues quickly

Question 10

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Answer 10

In the heart

Question 11

What is the shape of cardiac cells?

Answer 11

Short, branches, striated cells

Question 12

What are cardiac cells joined by?

Answer 12

Intercalated disks allow conduction of heart beat impulse

Question 13

What type of control does cardiac muscle process?

Answer 13

Involuntary control

Question 14

How does cardiac muscle move/operate?

Answer 14

Slower contraction than other muscles

Question 15

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 15

Lines walls of blood vessels and hollow organs

Question 16

What do smooth muscle cells look like?

Answer 16

Spindle-shaped, tapered ends; no striations

Question 17

What type of control does smooth muscle have?

Answer 17

Involuntary control

Question 18

How does skeletal muscle move/operate?

Answer 18

Contracts slower than skeletal muscle

Question 19

What is a muscle? (3)

Answer 19

-Organ
-Consists of 100s-1000s of muscle cells
-Connective tissue wrappings, blood vessels, and nerve fibers

Question 20

What is the connective tissue wrapping of the muscle?

Answer 20

Covered externally by the epimysium (muscle sheath)

Question 21

What is a fascicle? (2)

Answer 21

-Bundle of muscle cells
-Segregated from rest of muscle by a connective tissue sheath

Question 22

What is the connective tissue wrapping of the fascicle?

Answer 22

Surrounded by a perimysium

Question 23

What is a muscle fiber? (3)

Answer 23

-Cell
-Elongated multinucleate cell
-Banded (striated) appearance

Question 24

What is the connective tissue wrapping of the muscle fiber?

Answer 24

Surrounded by endomysium

Question 25

What is a myofibril or fibril? (5)

Answer 25

-Complex organelle -Bundles of myofilaments -Rodlike contractile elements that occupy most of cell volume -Composed of sarcomeres (end to end) -Appears banded; bands of adjacent myofibrils aligned

Question 26

What do you expect to find within the endomysium?

Answer 26

Capillary (blood supply)

Question 27

How many muscle fibers are bundled into fascicles?

Answer 27

10-100 fibers

Question 28

What does the epimysium become at the ends of muscles?

Answer 28

Tendons (rope-like) or aponeuroses (flat sheets)

Question 29

Where does the epimysium attach?

Answer 29

Directly to the periosteum of bone or adjacent tissue

Question 30

What is a tendon? (4)

Answer 30

-Rope formation of epimysium that attaches muscles to bone -Dense connective tissue -Limited blood nervous supply -Built to withstand tension

Question 31

What are tendons made of?

Answer 31

Collagen fibers secreted by fibroblasts

Question 32

Where would you find the thickest tendon?

Answer 32

Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

Question 33

What is aponerurosis?