Week 4 Muscles of the hip and thigh regions. (insertion, origin and action)

Question 1

Gluteus maximus action

Answer 1

• major extensor of hip joint
• lateral rotator,
• abductor (upper fibres)
• tighten iliotibial band (inferior fibre)
• “straightening up from bending position”

Question 2

Gluteus maximus origin

Answer 2

• Posterior gluteal line and roughened area posterior to it
• iliac crest
• posterior surfaces of sacrum and coccyx
• sacrotuberous ligament
• gluteal aponeurosis

Question 3

Gluteus maximus insertion

Answer 3

• Iliotibial tract of fascia latae

* Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 4

Gluteus medius action

Answer 4

Major abductor and lateral rotator (posterior fibers) of hip joint

Question 5

Gluteus medius origin

Answer 5

• Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
• Gluteal aponeurosis

Question 6

Gluteus medius insertion

Answer 6

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 7

Gluteus minimus action

Answer 7

Major abductor and medial rotator of hip joint

Question 8

Gluteus minimus origin

Answer 8

Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Question 9

Gluteus minimus insertion

Answer 9

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 10

Piriformis actions

Answer 10

• Lateral rotator of extended hip joint

* Abductor of flexed hip joint

Question 11

Piriformis origin

Answer 11

Anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

Question 12

Piriformis insertion

Answer 12

Medial side of superior border of greater trochanter

Question 13

Obturator internus, Superior & Inferior Gemelli actions

Answer 13

• Lateral rotator of hip joint

* Abductor of flexed hip joint

Question 14

Obturator internus origin

Answer 14

• Pelvic surface of obturator membrane
• Margins of obturator foramen
• Pelvic surface of ilium

Question 15

Obturator internus insertion

Answer 15

Medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa

Question 16

Superior gemellus origin

Answer 16

External surface of ischial spine

Question 17

Superior gemellus insertion

Answer 17

Medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa

Question 18

Quadratus femoris action

Answer 18

• Lateral rotator and adductor of hip joint

* Stabilises position of head of femur in acetabulum

Question 19

Quadratus femoris origin

Answer 19

Lateral surface of body of ischium anterior to tuberosity

Question 20

Quadratus femoris insertion

Answer 20

Quadrate tubercle of femur and vertical region inferior to it

Question 21

Obturator externus action

Answer 21

Lateral rotator of hip joint

Question 22

Obturator externus origin

Answer 22

• External surface of obturator membrane

* External margins of obturator foramen

Question 23

Obturator externus insertion

Answer 23

Trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 24

Iliopsoas: Psoas major + Iliacus actions

Answer 24

Flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint

Question 25

Iliopsoas: Psoas major + Iliacus insertion

Answer 25

Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 26

Psoas Major origin

Answer 26

Bodies (T12-L5) and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae and their intervertebral discs

Question 27

Origin of Iliacus

Answer 27

Iliac fossa

Question 28

Tensor fascia latae action

Answer 28

Stabilises the knee in extension

Question 29

Tensor fascia latae origin

Answer 29

Iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle of crest

Question 30

Tensor fascia latae insertion

Answer 30

Iliotibial tract of fascia latae

Question 31

Sartorius actions

Answer 31

* Flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint | * Flexor of knee joint

Question 32

Sartorius origin

Answer 32

Anterior superior iliac spine of hip bone

Question 33

Sartorius insertion

Answer 33

Inferolateral to tibial tuberosity

Question 34

Name Quadriceps femoris parts

Answer 34

* Rectus Femoris * Vastus medialis * Vastus lateralis * Vastus intermedius

Question 35

Quadriceps femoris insertion

Answer 35

Quadriceps tendon (and its Patellar ligament) to tibial tuberosity

Question 36

Quadriceps femoris action

Answer 36

Extensor of knee joint

Question 37

Rectus femoris action

Answer 37

* Flexor of hip joint | * Extensor of knee joint

Question 38

Rectus femoris origin

Answer 38

* Straight head o Anterior inferior iliac spine | * Reflexed head o Superior to acetabular border

Question 39

Vastus medialis origin

Answer 39

``` on Femur • Inferomedial part of intertrochanteric line • Spiral line • Medial lip of linea aspera • Medial supracondylar line ```

Question 40

Vastus lateralis origin

Answer 40

``` on Femur • Lateral part of intertrochanteric line • Margin of greater trochanter • Lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity • Lateral lip of linea aspera ```

Question 41

Vastus intermedius origin

Answer 41

Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

Question 42

Articularis genu action

Answer 42

Elevates fibrous capsule of knee joint during knee extension

Question 43

Articularis genu origin

Answer 43

Anterior surface of inferior part of femoral shaft

Question 44

Articularis genu insertion

Answer 44

Superior part of fibrous capsule of knee joint

Question 45

Gracilis action

Answer 45

* Adductor of hip joint | * Flexor and medial rotator of knee joint

Question 46

Gracilis origin

Answer 46

Inferior part of ischiopubic ramus

Question 47

Gracilis insertion

Answer 47

Medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

Question 48

Adductor longus action

Answer 48

Adductor, flexor and medial rotator of hip joint

Question 49

Adductor longus origin

Answer 49

External surface of body of pubis

Question 50

Adductor longus insertion

Answer 50

Middle 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera

Question 51

Pectineus action

Answer 51

Adductor and flexor of hip joint

Question 52

Pectineus origin

Answer 52

Superior surface of superior ramus of pubis

Question 53

Pectineus insertion

Answer 53

Pectineal line of femur

Question 54

Adductor brevis action

Answer 54

Adductor and flexor of hip joint

Question 55

adductor brevis origin

Answer 55

External surface of middle of inferior pubic ramus

Question 56

adductor brevis insertion

Answer 56

Insertion on Femur • Pectineal line • Proximal part of linea aspera

Question 57

Adductor magnus parts and actions

Answer 57

``` • Adductor and medial rotator of hip joint • Adductor part – Flexor of hip joint • Extensor/ hamstring part – Extensor of hip joint ```

Question 58

Adductor magnus origin

Answer 58

• Adductor part – Ischiopubic ramus • Hamstring part – Inferolateral part of ischial tuberosity

Question 59

Adductor magnus Insertion

Answer 59

``` Insertion on Femur • Adductor part – Medial margin of gluteal tuberosity – Proximal 1/3 of linea aspera • Hamstring part – Medial supracondylar line – Adductor tubercle ```

Question 60

Biceps femoris action

Answer 60

``` • Both heads – Flexor of knee joint – Lateral rotator of flexed knee • Long head only – Extensor of hip joint ```

Question 61

Biceps femoris origin of long head

Answer 61

Superomedial area of ischial tuberosity

Question 62

Biceps femoris origin of short head

Answer 62

Lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

Question 63

Biceps femoris Insertion

Answer 63

Apex of head of fibula

Question 64

Semitendinosus action

Answer 64

* Extensor of hip joint * Flexor of knee joint * Medial rotator of flexed knee

Question 65

Semitendinosus origin

Answer 65

Superomedial area of ischial tuberosity

Question 66

Semitendinosus insertion

Answer 66

Medial surface of proximal tibial shaft

Question 67

The pes anserinus (PA) is composed of the combination of tendinous insertions of which muscles

Answer 67

sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles

Question 68

Semimembranosus action

Answer 68

* Extensor of hip joint * Flexor of knee joint * Medial rotator of flexed knee

Question 69

Semimembranosus origin

Answer 69

Superolateral area of ischial tuberosity

Question 70

Semimembranosus insertion

Answer 70

Posteromedial aspect of medial tibial condyle