Week 4 Nonparenteral Admin Flashcards
Enteral route
– administration through GI tract (most common – oral and gastric)
Non-parenteral route
– administration other than parenteral (includes enteral, topical, inhalation, etc.)
Parenteral route
Parenteral route – administration by injections (most common - SQ, ID, IM, IV)
What is time it takes for a medication to reach its highest effective concentration called?
Duration
Onset
Trough
Peak
Peak
After receiving a morning dose of Digoxin, your patient reported to you raised red itchy patches over most of his body. This is an example of which of the following:
Therapeutic action
Allergic reaction
Toxic effect
Medication interaction
Allergic reaction
Nonparenteral Medication Routes?
Oral Enteral Topical Nasal Eye Ear Vaginal Rectal Inhalation
Sublingual Oral Administration description?
- readily absorbed
- place under tongue
- hold fluids until completely dissolved
Buccal Oral Administration description?
in mouth against mucus membranes in cheek
- alternate cheeks to avoid mucosal irritation
- no chewing, swallowing, or liquids until completely dissolved
Why do we worry about Aspiration?
Patient safety is our number one priority!
Risk for aspiration pneumonia
As a nurse, you understand that to protect your patients from aspiration while taking oral medications you do all of the following EXCEPT:
Turn them to their left side
Thicken regular liquids
Administer one pill at a time
Avoid drinking straws
Turn them to their left side
Advantages of Oral Administration?
Easy, more natural route 30 - 60 min onset of action More comfortable Less anxiety producing Economical Can produce local or systemic effects
Disadvantages of Oral Administration?
Many contraindications
Risk of aspiration
Some medications are irritating to GI tract
Some medications have unpleasant taste
Some medications discolor teeth
Slower absorption
Gastric secretions destroy some medications
Nasogastric (NG) is it long term or short term?
Nasogastric (NG) tube (short-term use), verify placement by pH testing
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube (long-term use)
If the NG tube is attached to suction, turn ___ the suction for _______ minutes after administering the medication
If the NG tube is attached to suction, turn OFF the suction for 30 to 60 minutes after administering the medication
(T or F) It’s okay to mix all medications together when giving them via NG tube
False
(T or F) Mixing medications in enteral feeding solution improves their absorption
False
(T or F) Document carefully how much water used in flushes during medication administration
True
(T or F) Hold NG tube suction for 30-60 minutes after medication administration
True
(T or F) Hard gelatin capsules can be open for NG tube administration
True
Types of Orders?
Routine Standing PRN Single (one time) STAT Now
Components of a medication order?
Patient’s full name Date and time that the order is written Medication name Dose Route of administration Time and frequency of administration Signature of health care provider
The Six RIghts?
The right medication The right dose The right patient The right route The right time The right documentation
Nursing Responsibilities?
- Evaluate the effects of the medication on the patients health status
- Open medication in front of the patient and discuss reason for taking it.
3.Teach patient about side effects. - Reinforce importance of adherence to med regimen.
5 Evaluate patients technique with self admin.
