Week 4 Respiratory Assessment Flashcards
How many lobes does each lung have
Right lung: 3 lobes
Left lung: 2 lobes
Where are the lung apices located
3-4 cm above clavicles
The lower lung rests on ______ about the ___ rib, MCL
diaphragm; 6th rib
Where is the trachea bifurcation
T 4
What degree should you costal angle be at? What does it mean if your costal angle is above that amount?
90 degrees
being above 90 means chronic over-inflation (COPD)
Where are the apices on the posterior side
near C7
Where do the lower lungs end posteriorly
T10
Where does the trachea bifurcate posteriorly
T4
With a full forced inhalation, how far down do the lung expand posteriorly
T12
What are the muscles of inspiration and what does each do
Diaphragm = main muscle; moves down
Intercostal muscles; lift sternum and ribs
The use of accessory neck muscles on inspiration is a sign of what
Forced or heavy inspiration is a sign of distress
What happens during expiration?
Is expiration a passive or active process?
muscles relax, thorax gets smaller, air gets pressed out
it is a passive process
What happens to the abdominal muscles with forced expiration (use of accessory muscles)
abdominal muscles contract to push viscera up and squeeze air out
How do you calculate pack years?
Number of pack of cigarettes daily x number of years of smoking = pack years
What do we want to address when gathering a history of the lung and thorax?
- smoking
- vaping
- cough: OLDCART
- change in voice
- wheeze
- shortness of breath
- chest pain
What does hemoptysis mean
bloody sputum
