Week 4 Surgical Techniques, CXR, and Auscultations Flashcards
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Indications:
- Ca, ulceration (Barretts Oesophagus
Surgical procedure:
- Thoracotomy and Laparotomy
- long surgical line
remove oesophagus, pyloroplasty - joins stomach to proxima part,
Oesophagectomy (Upper GIT)
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Indications:
- reflux, hiatus hernia
Surgical procedure:
- often laparoscopic
- fundus wrapped around sphincter to reduce reflux
Fundoplication
- not really much of a big wound
- may not require physiotherapy
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Indications:
- Ca prostate or enlargement
Surgical procedure:
- midline laparotomy
- usually done transurethral - TURP
Post op: - renal or surgical ward
Physio: nil specifics
Prostatectomy
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Small intestine
Indications:
- Ca (rare)
- usually obstruction - fibrosis/ulceration (Crohns)
Surgical procedure:
- Laparotomy - incision in the abdomen
Duodenectomy
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Indications:
- Ca, ulceration, diverticulitis
Surgical procedure:
- laparotomy
- resection of the part of colon and re anastomosis of remains
Large intestine - colectomy (hemicolectomy, proctocolectomy)
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following:
Indications:
- liver Ca
- Cysts, and other liver pathology
Surgical procedure:
- High laparotomy -Roof top Mercedes Benz
Hepatectomy
Physio key points- take note of high respiratory complications, usually the Right lower lobe is affected.
In chest x rays, you read the x rays as the patient is looking towards?
You, so in the x-ray your right is the patient’s left and vice versa.
What kind of surgery is done when the patient has the following: (something to do with the removal of the gall bladder)
Indications:
- cholecystitis, cholelithiasis
Surgical procedure:
- lateral subcostal incision
- often laparoscopic
- combined with cholangiogram
Cholecystectomy
What are the signs of hyperinflation?
- barrel chest
- flattened ribs
- elongated mediastinum
- blackened lung fields
- increased number of ribs visible above the diaphragm
- flattened diaphragm
These are short, parallel lines at the periphery of the CXR. It represents the interlobular septal thickening and is indicative of fluid overload
Kerley b-lines
A kind of surgery done to remove obstruction in the carotid artery. Usually no requirement for physiotherapy and patient is high dependent due to risks of surgery.
Carotid Endarterectomy
What is an AAA repair?
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm repair
- aorta clamped off, long midline incision.
- Indications: Aortic Aneurysm
- a graft and stent is placed
In a lung collapse, the trachea/mediastinal shifts towards which area?
Towards the Collapsed region
Surgery done to remove the bladder
Cystectomy
Surgical Procedure: Midline laparotomy, ileum formed into conduit (looks like a belly button) for urine to skin the surface
- Bypass of stenosis in Artery
- Peripheral Vascular disease with ischaemia
- fempop, ileofemoral
Vascular Bypass surgery
What is the most common organ transplant?
Surgical procedure is done via: Nepherctomy and lateral sub costal
- Transplant is then attached to the iliac artery
Renal Transplant
The horizontal fissure is approximately where?
In the 4th IC space
If the x-ray exposure is too white? is it underexposed or overexposed?
Overexposed
