WEEK 5 Flashcards
(21 cards)
“One is left with the horrible feeling now that war settles nothing; that
to win a war is as disastrous as to lose one.”
Agatha Christie
According to McNamara (2002),
security includes the promotion
of economic, political, and social
development in “poor nations” as: 2
a. a means of preventing conflicts;
and
b. preserving a minimal measure of
“global order” and stability
We are entering a new era of human security where the concept of security will change, and change dramatically. Security will be interpreted as: 3
- security of people, not just territory;
- security of individuals, not just of
nations; and - security through development, not through arms.
any action or sequence of events that threatens to drastically and quickly degrade the quality of life of people; or any development that has the potential to greatly narrow the range of policy choices available to the government or to non-
governmental entities within the state.
According to UNESCO National Commission of the Philippines (UNACOM), a threat to
national security may be
seeks to “protect the vital core of all
human lives in ways that enhance human freedoms and human fulfillment”; requires “protecting people from critical and pervasive threats” and “empowering them to take charge of their own lives” “protection and empowerment are
mutually reinforcing and cannot succeed in isolation”; and emphasis on the “need for comprehensive, integrated and people- centered solutions that together can help
people develop the building blocks of survival, livelihood and dignity”
Human Security:
safety from such chronic threats as hunger, disease and repression; and it means protection from sudden and hurtful disruptions in the patterns of daily life - whether
in homes, in jobs, or in communities. Such threats can exist at all levels of national income
and development
(UN Commission on Human Security) 1994: UN Development Programme referred to human security as having the following two aspects:
UNDP listed the threats to human security under Economic security
the following main categories: 7
- Economic Security
- Food Security
- Health Security
- Environmental Security
- Personal Security
- Community Security
- Political Security
Human security, in its broadest sense, embraces far more than the absence of violent conflict. It encompasses human rights, good
governance, access to education and health care and ensuring that each individual has opportunities and choices to fulfill his or her
potential.
Human Security and Human
Development
Every step in this direction is also a step towards reducing poverty, achieving economic growth, and preventing conflict. Freedom from want, freedom from fear, and
the freedom of future generations to inherit a healthy natural environment- these are the
interrelated building blocks of human - and therefore national security.”
National Security and Human
Security
is the original policy basis of the national security program of the
Republic of the Philippines. The 1987 Constitution mandates civilian control of the military and establishes the President as commander-in-chief of the Armed
Forces. The President also heads the National Security Council, ostensibly the policy-making and advisory body for matters connected with national defense. A condition or state of being where the Filipino people’s values, way of life, institutions, welfare and well-being, sovereignty and strategic relations are
protected and enhanced
Commonwealth Act No. 1, also known as the National Defense Act of 1935
7 Fundamental Elements of National Security:
- Socio Political Stability
- Territorial Integrity
- Economic Solidarity and Strength
- Ecological Balance
- Cultural Cohesiveness
- Moral Spiritual Consensus
- External Peace or International Harmony
national security relates to the defense of the nation’s government against hostile local elements seeking its replacement with their own government. In this sense, national security refers to the measures aimed at countering domestic or internal challenges to the existing political and socio- economic order.
Internal threats
national security is concerned with safeguarding the state against outside or foreign forces, pressures, or influence designed to conquer it or undermine its sovereignty, or placing under the domination or control of some foreign state or states. In this sense, national security embraces the defense arrangements directed at ensuring the safety of the state against foreign intervention or domination
external threats
Type of threats
- Rebellion or insurrection
- Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion.
- Murder
- Kidnapping and serious illegal detention
- Hijacking/highway robbery
- Crimes involving destruction
A refusal of obedience or order. It may, therefore, be seen as encompassing an range of behaviors from civil disobedience and mass nonviolent resistance to violent and organized attempts to destroy an established authority such as the government
- Rebellion or insurrection.
At present, the international community has been unable
to formulate a universally agreed, legally binding, criminal law definition of terrorism. The common
definitions of terrorism refer only to those violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror), are perpetrated for an ideological goal, and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (civilians)
Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion.
as defined in most countries, is the
unlawful killing of another human being with intent (or malice aforethought). Generally, this
state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of homicide
Murder
is taking away or transportation of a person against the person’s will, usually to hold the person in false imprisonment, a confinement
without legal authority. This may be done for ransom or in furtherance of another crime, or in connection with a child custody dispute
Kidnapping and serious illegal detention
is a crime of taking or attempting to take something of value by force or threat of force and or by putting the victim in fear. In common law, robbery is defined as taking the property of another, with the intent to permanently deprive the person of that property, by means of force or fear. Precise definitions of the offense may vary between
jurisdictions. Robbery differs from simple theft in its use of violence and intimidation
Hijacking/highway robbery
It may apply either as a measurable degree of damage up to and including a state beyond use or repair, or it may indicate a state
wherein such damage is occurring and continuing. Something being destroyed’ is in a ‘state of destruction. e.g., Self-destructive behaviors, suicide, demolition
Crimes involving destruction.
“Unless we have well educated people, we’re vulnerable on our national security”
–mark hatfield
