Week 5

Question 1

What should PTs do with emergent GI conditions?

Answer 1

Urgent referral

Question 2

What should PTs do with significant undiagnosed or changing GI conditions do?

Answer 2

Treat and refer

Question 3

What should PTs do with chronic stable GI conditions?

Answer 3

Treat and monitor

Question 4

What can the gut influence?

Answer 4

CNS

Question 5

What plays a large role in balancing the brain and the gut?

Answer 5

Stress and environment

Question 6

How much immune activity occurs at the gut?

Answer 6

2/3

Question 7

Where are there more T cells at there anywhere else in the body?

Answer 7

Intestinal epithelium

Question 8

What is epigastric pain?

Answer 8

Heartburn, gnawing, cramping, aching near xiphoid

Question 9

What is epigastric pain relieved by?

Answer 9

Food, milk, antiacids

Question 10

What are symptoms of epigastric pain?

Answer 10

Nausea, loss of appetite, rosacea, and halitosis (bad breath)

Question 11

What is epigastric pain also called?

Answer 11

Peptic ulcer

Question 12

What are signs of a bleeding peptic ulcer?

Answer 12

Black tarry stool

Significant onset of fatigue

Vomit resembling coffee grounds

Question 13

What are the signs of appendicitis?

Answer 13

Rebound tenderness, positive McBurney’s point, and positive hop test

Question 14

What are the symptoms of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 14

Epigastric pain radiating to the back

Nausea

Fever

Weakness

Jaundice

Blush discoloration of abdomen

Question 15

What are symptoms of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 15

Epigastric pain radiating to the back

Upper lumbar pain

Nausea

Weight loss

Clay colored or pale stool

Question 16

What are symptoms of pancreatic carcinoma?

Answer 16

All other pancreatic symptom but also with constipation

Question 17

What are the early stage symptoms of colon cancer?

Answer 17

Rectal bleeding, abdominal pain going into back, and changes in bowel patterns

Question 18

What are the advanced stages of colon cancer?

Answer 18

Constipation, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, fatigue, and fever

Question 19

What is colon diverticulitis?

Answer 19

Inflammation of small pouches in colon

Question 20

What is colon diverticulosis?

Answer 20

Bulging of small pouches in the colon

Question 21

What is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

Answer 21

Crohns (inflammation involving the large intestine)

Ulcerative colitis (inflammation of large intestine and colon)

Question 22

What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer 22

Constipation or diarrhea type (more common than IBD)

Question 23

What is below 18.5 BMI?

Answer 23

Underweight

Question 24

What is 18.5-24.9 on BMI?

Answer 24

Normal weight

Question 25

What is 25-29.9 on BMI?

Answer 25

Overweight

Question 26

What is 30-34.9 on BMI?

Answer 26

Obese class 1

Question 27

What is 35-39.9 on BMI?

Answer 27

Obese class 2

Question 28

What is 40 and above on BMI?

Answer 28

Morbidly obese

Question 29

What is the waist circumference in men for obesity?

Answer 29

> 40 inches

Question 30

What is the waist circumference in women for obesity?

Answer 30

> 35 inches

Question 31

What does obesity have an increased risk of?

Answer 31

Heart disease and type 2 diabetes

Question 32

What does bariatric mean?

Answer 32

Branch of medicine that deals with the causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity

Question 33

What is metabolic disease?

Answer 33

Group of conditions that lead to development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes

Question 34

What are the primary risk factors of metabolic syndrome?

Answer 34

Abdominal (central obesity) and insulin resistance

Question 35

How is metabolic disease defined?

Answer 35

Waist circumference (>40 men, >35 women) Fasting glucose (> 100 mg/dL) Triglycerides (> 150 mg/dL) BP (> 130/85 mmHg) HDL (< 40 for men, < 50 for women)

Question 36

How many conditions out of 5 must be confirmed for metabolic disease?

Answer 36

3 out of 5

Question 37

What are the different weight distributions?

Answer 37

Apple (pannus and ascites) Pear (abduction, adduction, and gluteal shelf)

Question 38

What are small bowel obstructions?

Answer 38

Adhesions Hernias Inflammatory disease Tumors

Question 39

What are signs of small bowel obstructions?

Answer 39

Cramping in abdomen Nausea No gas Abdominal bloating Rapid pulse and breathing Constipation Lack of appetite

Question 40

What are large bowel obstructions?

Answer 40

Colorectal cancer Volvolus Diverticular disease

Question 41

What are signs of large bowel obstructions?

Answer 41

Lower abdomen bloating Lower abdomen cramping Constipation Diarrhea Possible rectal bleeding

Question 42

What are red flags for bowel obstructions?

Answer 42

Intense/constant abdominal pain Vomiting Bloating Blood in the stool

Question 43

Where is there a bleed if there is black tarry stool?

Answer 43

Upper GI

Question 44

Where is there a bleed if there is maroon colored stool?

Answer 44

Higher part of the lower GI

Question 45

Where is there a bleed if there is bright red stool?

Answer 45

Lower GI tract

Question 46

What is melena?

Answer 46

Black tarry stool

Question 47

What is hematochezia?

Answer 47

Bright red stool

Question 48

What is hematemesis?

Answer 48

Vomiting blood in coffee ground texture (upper GI)

Question 49

What can cause black stool that is not a concern?

Answer 49

Pepto bismol use

Question 50

What is ileus?

Answer 50

Slowing down of GI movement even with no blockage (often post surgery due to anesthesia and pain meds)