Week 5

Question 1

Most important attributes of headache

Answer 1

Severity, chronologic pattern, associated sx

Question 2

Unilateral headache

Answer 2

occurs in cluster headaches and migraines

Question 3

Tension headache

Answer 3

often arise in temporal areas

cluster headaches may be retro-orbital

Question 4

Hyperopia

Answer 4

Farsightedness

Question 5

Presbyopia

Answer 5

aging vision

Question 6

Myopia

Answer 6

nearsightedness, trouble with distances

Question 7

If vision loss is unilateral and painless

Answer 7

vitreous hemorrhage
macular degeneration 
retinal detachment
retinal vein occlusion
central retinal artery occlusion

Question 8

If vision loss is painful, consider:

Answer 8

corneal ulcer
uveitis
traumatic hymphema
acute angle closure glaucoma 
optic neuritis

Question 9

If vision loss is bilateral and painless

Answer 9

vascular etiologies
giant cell arteritis
non-physiologic causes

Question 10

If vision loss is bilateral and painful

Answer 10

chemical or radiation exposure

Question 11

Scotomas

Answer 11

fixed defects

lesions in retina or visual pathways

Question 12

Conductive hearing loss

Answer 12

results from external or middle ear

noisy environment helps

Question 13

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 13

Results from inner ear or cochlear nerve

Trouble understanding speech

Question 14

Medications that affect hearing

Answer 14

aminoglycosides
aspirin 
NSAIDS
quinine 
furosemide

Question 15

Tinnitus

Answer 15

Perceived sound that has no external stimulus
may accompany hearing loss
often unexplained
suspect Meniere disease when with vertigo

Question 16

Vertigo

Answer 16

Sensation of true rotational movement
vestibular disease
usually caused by inner ear causes

Question 17

Blepharitis

Answer 17

chronic inflammatory condition of eyelid

crusting along lash line

Question 18

Chalazion

Answer 18

inflammation in gland in eyelid

nontender, localized nodule

Question 19

Hordeolum

Answer 19

stye

staph infection of glands of lash line

red tender pustule

Question 20

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Answer 20

usually unilateral with hyperemia of bulbar conjunctiva

Question 21

Viral conjunctivitis

Answer 21

most common form

presents bilaterally

significant hyperemia, edema, watery discharge

Question 22

Allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 22

pruritis, watery discharge, mild edema, rhinitis

Question 23

Plagiocephaly

Answer 23

flat head

may be congenital, usually from positioning in utero or laying down

fixed with molding helmet

usually just cosmetic

Question 24

Cephalohematoma

Answer 24

usually birth trauma

swelling under periosteum, restricted within suture line

difficult for body to break up blood

Question 25

Torticollis

Answer 25

tightening of neck muscles usually seen with plagiocephaly stiff neck, needs PT

Question 26

Preauricular tags/ pits

Answer 26

congenital malformations related to hearing deficits

Question 27

Periorbital cellulitis

Answer 27

needs emergency treatment infection of orbit

Question 28

corneal abrasion

Answer 28

trauma significant pain, photophobia

Question 29

Congenital cataracts

Answer 29

white pupillary response needs immediate referral

Question 30

Caput

Answer 30

swelling that occurs over periosteum crosses suture lines

Question 31

Ankyloglossia

Answer 31

tongue tied interferes with feeding

Question 32

gingivostomatitis

Answer 32

multiple canker sores on mouth, tongue

Question 33

bruxism

Answer 33

teeth grinding can help adult teeth, or can break down enamel

Question 34

GABHS

Answer 34

headache, vomiting, sore throat palatable petechiae broken red blood vessels on soft palate erythema + exudate on tonsils

Question 35

mumps

Answer 35

inflammation of parotid gland significant swelling under tongue, in front of ear