Week 5, DSM assessments Flashcards
(18 cards)
what are clinical assessments?
they are assessments used to
diagnose mental disorders
develop intervention
monitor progress
evaluate clinical outcomes
Are clinical assessments done first?
usually not, usually a UCI or some form of interview is done first.
What is the DSM5
a manual with a compiled list of mental disorders and explanations of symptoms and etiology. 300 disorders in 22 categories
What are the 3 axis’ of the DSM
Axis 1: clinical disorders
Axis 2:personality disorders and mental retardation
Axis 3: General medical condition
What are some criticisms of the DSM?
- Inclusion of the mild category may cause the labeling of everyday experiences as pathological.
- emphasis on pathology
3.MCOs use it to deny coverage to normal problems or long-term care. - strong medical orientation
What are the pros of the DSM
- universal system for diagnosis
- attention to culture, age, and gender
- severity index requires clinicians to consider other biopsychosocial factors that influences dysfunction
What is the MSE?
a mental status exam is a structured procedure for observing the clients verbal and nonverbal behaviors, speech, thought patterns, and appearance.
Assessments fall into two categories
broad scope and narrow scope assessments.
What are some aspects of appearance based observations to consider?
facial appearance, eyes, body, movement, clothes
what are neuropsychological exams
these are exams which examine the brain-behavior relationships and often deal with brain injury or disease relating to cognition, sensorimotor, emotional, and adaptive capacities of the person.
What are some examples of neuropsychological examination techniques?
spelling, repeating words, re-drawing, fitting shapes based on touch and not sight, tactile examinations, visual tests, hearing tests.
What are some strategies for diagnosis when it is required?
-start off as least severe and general as possible and then adjust as you go if needed.
-start off based on previous diagnosis
What is a mental disorder?
clinical significant disturbance in cognition, emotional regulation, bx, that reflect as a dysfunction in psych, bio, or developmental problem. causing impairment in important life areas.
can we prove mental illness disorders 100%?
not 100%, we create a taxonomy based on clusters of symptoms, and assume that these symptoms are caused by internal psych, bio, developmental problems.
what are some key language information to use for diagnosis
-clinically significant distress
-bx out of the norm of development and societal norms
-not explained by recent event/ religion/ culture
limitations of DSM
-influenced by politics/ culture
-can be reductionist
-can be used as self-fulfilling prophecy, or excuse bx
-can be stigmatizing
What does the DSM assume about phenotypes?
There is an assumption that phenotypes are present sx that we can observe, which are explained by underlying genotypes and endotypes. We are not 100% though how related the phenotypes are to specific genotypes.
describe the differences between level 1-3 DSM assessments?
level1 are broad scope, and then they get more narrow scope to help identify specific disorder.
