Week 5 - Infection

Question 1

• Multi Drug Resistant Organism
• Prevent germs resistant: broad to narrow spectrum once obtained cultures; complete dose, PPE, hand wash, don’t share meds; monitor infection rates

Answer 1

MDRO minimization

Question 2

dosage schedule for infection medications

Answer 2

consistently around the clock

Question 3

• Ear, throat, UTI, gonorrhea
• Inhibits transpeptidase & activate autolysin; disrupts cell wall membrane; broad spectrum; bactericidal
• Compl: superinfections; anaphylaxis
• Pt edu: take before meal

Answer 3

Penicillins: amoxicillin

Question 4

• MRSA, C DIFF, allergy to PCN
• Act: disrupt cell wall; bactericidal
• For C DIFF - give PO
• Red Man Syndrome
• Nur interv: slow infusion, monitor peak & trough
• Contra: nephrotoxic drugs (affects kidney)
• Pt educ: ↑ or ↓ I/Os urine
• Avoid nephrotoxic meds

Answer 4

Vacomycin

Question 5

• Anything PCN would treat; given to allergic to PCN
• Complication: GI Upset -> take w food but delayed absorption
• Contra: history of prolonged QT (represents ventricular depolarization and repolarization), liver disorders
• Pt educ: take on empty stomach, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

Answer 5

Macrolides: erythromycin

Question 6

• E coli; pseudomonas; pre op
• Inhibits protein synthesis; disrupts protein synthesis at cell wall to prevent replication; narrow spectrum; bactericidal
• Complication: nephrotoxicity, significant ↓ urine output
• Nur intv: monitor for ototoxicity (hearing loss), monitor peak & trough lvl
• Pt educ: report hearing loss, call MD & stop

Answer 6

Aminoglycoside: gentamicin

Question 7

T or F: When taking anti-tubercular meds, it’s normal for orange bodily fluid

Answer 7

True

Question 8

• TB; latent & active
• Narrow spectrum, 6-9 mos use
• Compl: peripheral neuropathy (due to vit b6 deficiency), hepatotoxicity
• Nur Interv: IM injection @ room temp, monitor liver sx, liver enzymes; administer w vit B6
• Contra: alcohol
• Pt edu: report jaundice, emphasize compliance for effectiveness, no alcohol
• May take diff contraceptive (pregnancy risk)

Answer 8

Antitubercular: isoniazid

Question 9

• TB
• Broad spectrum; prototype of mycobacterial; bactericidal
• Comp: GI upset (has to take on empty stomach - if can’t tolerate, ask for diff med), red man syndrome (red-orange urine, saliva, tears, sweat); hepatotoxicity
• Pt educ: complete prescription, no alcohol intake, alternate contraception,↓ effectiveness of warfarin & HIV meds

Answer 9

Antitubercular: rifampin