Week 6

Question 1

Rentier state

Answer 1

a state that relies heavily on income from the export of natural resources, especially oil and gas

Question 2

Aim OPEC

Answer 2

To reduce dependence on the international oil companies by discussing royalties and tax question, not as a cartel to set prices and quotas

Question 3

Purpose OAPEC

Answer 3

To prevent Arab oil from reaching any country that was supporting Israel.

Question 4

Two principal functions IEA

Answer 4

1. To maintain and improve systems for coping with oil supply disruption.
2. To act as a body for the development of policy, information sharing and technology transfer

Question 5

Forms transnational energy governance

Answer 5

• Structured as public-private partnerships
• Private regimes

Question 6

Global energy governance

Answer 6

the process of making and enforcing rules to avoid the collective action problems related to energy at a scale beyond the nation state

Question 7

Why is it necessary to govern energy globally?

Answer 7

• Challenges that are transboundary in many ways.
• Insufficient governance at the local or national level.
• Consider the international trade in oil
• All countries that import or export oil are linked to it
• Since the oil markets operate as a global system, no country can escape the pressures and vagaries of oil price fluctuations, which have become more pronounced in recent years.

Question 8

What is to be governed in global energy?

Answer 8

• Ensuring energy security
• Combating energy poverty
• Addressing environmental externalities
• Managing domestic good governance

Question 9

(neo) Malthusian

Answer 9

focus on conflict, how geographic factors interact with international relations; the politics of control over natural resources and the political intentions behind it.

Question 10

Neo liberals

Answer 10

Focusing on markets and institutions

Question 11

Market liberalists

Answer 11

• Prioritizes economic affordability
• Underlying values and goals: welfare and freedom

Question 12

Neo-mercantilists

Answer 12

• Prioritizes geopolitical availability
• Underlying values and goals: political interdependence and territorial integrity

Question 13

Environmentalists

Answer 13

• Prioritizes environmental sustainability
• Underlying values and goals: respect for nature

Question 14

Social greens

Answer 14

• Prioritizes social acceptability
• Underlying values and goals: equity and justice

Question 15

What are the three competing goals in the energy trilemma

Answer 15

1. Energy Security: Reliable supply.
2. Energy Equity: Accessibility/affordability.
3. Environmental Sustainability: Low-carbon transition.

Question 16

What are the key gaps in global energy governance

Answer 16

• Energy equity
• Fragmentation
• Sovereignty paradox

Question 17

What is the central issue in global energy governance according to the authors?

Answer 17

Fragmentation and incoherence

Question 18

What are the four types of global energy governance institutions analyzed?

Answer 18

1. IGO’s
2. Summit processes
3. Multilateral Development Banks
4. Hybrid networks

Question 19

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the IEA?

Answer 19

Strengths: Oil emergency coordination, authoritative energy data.
Weaknesses: Limited to OECD members (excludes China/India), reactive rather than proactive.

Question 20

What solutions do the authors propose on the challenges facing global energy governance

Answer 20

• Collaboration
• Diverse tools (leverage IGO’s, summits, MDB’s)
• Inclusivity (expand membership)