Week 6 and 7- International Institutions and Corruption Flashcards
(32 cards)
What are the 5 types of formal institutions?
Legal
Political
Economic
Education
Healthcare
What 4 ways do institutions arise?
Efficiency
Accidental
Cultural
Conflict
What are international institutions?
Institutional agreement between members of an international system in order to achieve objectives (Gabriela)
What is the demand for global governence?
-Defence
-Infrastructure
-Aid
-Prevent civil unrest
-Securing property rights
Why do nations fail?
-External effects (interdependence)
-Resource deficiency
-Unwillingness
What 3 dimensions does Koenig-Archibugi suggest classify an international institution?
-Inclusiveness (Share of individuals with decisional power)
-Delegation (Nature of the functions that can be performed)
-Publicness (Nature of active participants
What is the goal of the IMF?
To stabilise the global monetary system
How do the dimensions of international organisation show up in the IMF?
High delegation
High publicness
Low inclusiveness
Why join the IMF with low inclusiveness?
It encourages investment and trade
What are the 4 main functions of IOs
-Authorising the use of force
-Manipulating domestic policy
-Developing bureaucratic expertise
-Adjudicating disputes
What do the 3 generations of models for international cooperation show?
First Generation:
Shows why states need to cooperate
Second Generation: Uses models to address neorealist debates
Third generation:Answers specific questions such as distribution
How does the first generation model promote cooperation?
Via the repeated prisoners dilemma
What is the repeated prisoners dilemma?
Countries can choose policies which are mutually beneficial or prioritise maximising personal utility
What is the main problem with multilateral cooperation?
Free riding
What is the hegemonic stability theory (HST)?
The international system is more likely to be stable when there is a single nation-state as a dominant world power
How does the HST promote stability?
The hegemon enforces international cooperation as it size and connections are detrimental
What is the difference between Neorealists and Neoliberals?
Neorealists focus on security
Neoliberals focus on environmental and social issues
What is corruption?
The abuse of public office for private gains
What are some types of corruption?
Bribery
Embezzlement
Collusion
What causes corruption?
(1) Size of government
(2) Salaries of civil service
(3) Democracy/Political system
(4) Quality of institutions
(5) Economic freedom
(6) Press freedom
(7) Cultural determinants
(8) % of women in workforce
(9) Colonial heritage
(10) Endowment of natural resources)
What is the Rational Choice Theory
Models of human behaviour with self-interested practices?
What are 3 rational choice explanations for corruption?
-Cooperation game (Prisoner’s dilemma)
-Collective action (prevailing norms)
-Principal-agent model (delegation of tasks)
What are consequences of corruption?
-Reduced GDP (deterred investment)
-Increased inequality
-Reduced FDI
-Reduced trade (competitive disadvantages)
What is the Global Corruption Barometer?
A measure of household’s interaction with corruption in basic services.
