WEEK 6 - anti-fungals, TB

Question 1

acyclovir (Zovirax)
1. class / indication
2. MOA
3. adverse effects
4. interactions
5. nursing implications

Answer 1

1. synthetic nucleoside analogue - HSV 1, 2, VZV
2. blocking the activity of a polymerase enzyme that normally stimulates the synthesis of new viral genomes
3. NVD, headache
4. Interferon: Additive antiviral effects
   Probenecid: Increased acyclovir levels due to decreasing renal clearance
   Zidovudine: risk neurotoxicity
5. take with probenecid to prevent nephrotoxicity
   kills good and infected cells causing the patient to be immunosuppressed

Question 2

Ganciclovir (Valcyte)
1. class / indication
2. MOA
3. adverse effects
4. interactions
5. nursing implications

Answer 2

CMV (aids + transplant)
interact: foscarnet, imipenem, zidovudine
adverse: NV headache seizure

Question 3

oseltamivir (tamiflu) and zanamivir

Answer 3

flu A + B (2 days within s&s)
adverse: NV

Question 4

rifampin

Answer 4

for Hi B, menigococcus
adverse: discolored urine, sweat, tears, hepatitis
interact: BB, anti coag, hyperglyc, contracept, etc

Question 5

INH

Answer 5

pregnant TB
adverse: neuropathy, hyperglycemia,
interact: phenytoin, carbamazepine, CNS

Question 6

ethambutol

Answer 6

first line
adverse: optic neuritis

Question 7

streptomycin

Answer 7

adverse: dyscarasias, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
interact: nephro+neurotoxic drugs additive
anticoag - bleeding
route: IM

Question 8

amphotericin
nystatin

Answer 8

amphotericin: premedicate for adverse, severe mycoses IV
nystatin: prophylaxis oral, adverse NVD