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Self-Care I Final > Week 6: Laxatives (Key Points) > Flashcards

Week 6: Laxatives (Key Points) Flashcards

1
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives increases stool bulk and GI motility

A

bulk forming

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2
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives increases wetting efficiency of intestinal fluid and mixture of aqueous and fatty substances to soften fecal mass.

A

emollient

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3
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives softens feces by coating at decreasing colonic absorption of fecal water.

A

lubricant

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4
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives is when the osmotic gradient draws fluid into gut causing increased intestinal motility.

A

saline

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5
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives is large, poorly absorbed ions that draw water into the colon through osmosis.

A

osmotic

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6
Q

The MOA of ___ laxatives stimulates bowel motility.

A

stimulant

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7
Q

Bulk forming laxatives increases stool bulk and GI motility. What are the 4 products that are bulk forming agent?

A
  1. Metamucil (psyllium) 2. Konsyl (psyllium) 3. Citrucel (methylcellulose) 4. Fibercon (polycarbophil)
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8
Q

Emollient laxatives increase wetting efficiency of intestinal fluid and mixture of aqueous and fatty substances to soften fecal mass. What are 2 products that are emollient laxatives?

A
  1. Colace (docusate) 2. Surfak (docusate)
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9
Q

Lubricant laxatives softens feces by coating at decreasing colonic absorption of fecal water. What is a product that is a lubricant laxative?

A

Mineral oil

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10
Q

Saline laxatives is when the osmotic gradient draws fluid into gut causing increased intestinal motility. What are 3 products that are saline laxatives?

A
  1. Magnesium citrate 2. Fleet Enema (monobasic sodium phosphate) 3. Phillips Milk of Mag (magnesium hydroxide)
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11
Q

Osmotic laxatives are large, poorly absorbed ions that draw water into the colon through osmosis. What are 2 products that are osmotic laxatives?

A
  1. Pedia-Lax (glycerin) 2. Miralax (polyethylene glycol 3350)
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12
Q

Stimulant laxatives stimulates bowel motility. What are 4 products that are stimulant laxatives?

A
  1. Sennokot (senna) 2. Ex. Lax (senna) 3. Dulcolax (bisacodyl) 4. Castor oil
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13
Q

Bulk forming laxatives increases stool bulk and GI motility. What are the routes available for these bulk forming laxatives? 1. Metamucil (psyllium) 2. Konsyl (psyllium) 3. Citrucel (methylcellulose) 4. Fibercon (polycarbophil)

A

PO

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14
Q

Emollient laxatives increase wetting efficiency of intestinal fluid and mixture of aqueous and fatty substances to soften fecal mass. What are the routes available for these emollient laxatives? 1. Colace (docusate) 2. Surfak (docusate)

A

PO

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15
Q

Lubricant laxatives softens feces by coating at decreasing colonic absorption of fecal water. What are the routes available for this lubricant laxatives? 1. Mineral oil

A

PO PR

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16
Q

Saline laxatives is when the osmotic gradient draws fluid into gut causing increased intestinal motility. What are the routes available for these saline laxatives? 1. Magnesium citrate 2. Fleet Enema (monobasic sodium phosphate) 3. Phillips Milk of Mag (magnesium hydroxide)

A

PO PR (Fleet Enema)

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17
Q

Osmotic laxatives are large, poorly absorbed ions that draw water into the colon through osmosis. What are the routes available for these osmotic laxatives? 1. Pedia-Lax (glycerin) 2. Miralax (polyethylene glycol 3350)

A

PO (Miralax) PR (Pedia-Lax)

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18
Q

Stimulant laxatives stimulates bowel motility. What are the routes available for these stimulant laxatives? 1. Sennokot (senna) 2. Ex. Lax (senna) 3. Dulcolax (bisacodyl) 4. Castor oil

A

PO PR (Bisacodyl)

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19
Q

Psyllium (Metamucil®, Konsyl®)

dose/strength?

A

2.5-30 g

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20
Q

Methyl cellulose (Citrucel®)

dose/strength?

A

2 caplets PO up to 6 times a day

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21
Q

Polycarbophil (Fibercon®)

dose/strength?

A

1250 mg PO QD-TID

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22
Q

Docusate (Colace®, Surfak®)

dose/strength?

A

50-250 mg PO QD-BID

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23
Q

Mineral oil

dose/strength?

A

14-45 mL PO QD or divided doses

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24
Q

Magesium citrate

dose/strength?

A

150-300 mL PO

25
Q

Monobasic sodium phosphate (Fleet Enema®)

dose/strength?

A

4.5 oz PR

26
Q

Magnesium hydroxide (Phillips Milk of Mag®)

dose/strength?

A

400mg/5mL 5-15 mL PO QD-QUID

27
Q

Glycerin (Pedia-Lax®)

dose/strength?

A

1-1.5 g (ped)

28
Q

Polyethylene glycol 3350 (Miralax®)

dose/strength?

A

17g PO QD

29
Q

Senna (Sennokot®, Ex. Lax®)

dose/strength?

A

8.6 mg PO QD

30
Q

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax®)

dose/strength?

A

10-30 mg, 1-3 TABS PO QD

10 mg, PR QD

31
Q

Castor Oil

dose/strength?

A

14-60 mL PO QD

32
Q

What are 4 laxatives that have the fastest onset (0-6 hours)?

A

2-5 minutes:

  1. Fleet Enema®(monobasic sodium phosphate)
    • saline, PR

15-30 minutes:

  1. Pedia-Lax® (glycerin)
    • osmotic, PR
  2. Dulcolax® (bisacodyl)
    • stimulant, PR

30 minutes - 3 hours:

  1. Philips Milk of Magnesia® (magnesium hydroxide)
    • saline, PO

Not recommended: Mineral oil, Castor oil

33
Q

What are the 3 laxatives that have a medium onset (6-12 hours)?

A
  1. Dulcolax® (bisacodyl) PO
  2. Senokot® (senna)
  3. Ex. Lax® (senna)

(stimulants)

34
Q

What are the 7 products that have a slow onset (1-3 days)?

A
  1. Miralax® (polyethylene glycol 3350)
    • osmotic, PO
  2. Colace®, Surfak® (docusate)
    • emollient, PO
  3. Metamucil®, Konsyl® (psyllium)
  4. Citrucel® (methylcellulose)
  5. Fibercon® (polycarbophil)
    • 3-5 is Bulk forming, PO
35
Q

Which laxatives are safe to use in pregnancy?

A
  1. Bulkforming (drug of choice)
    • Metamucil, Konsyl, Citrucel, Fibercon
  2. Emollient
    • Colace, Surfak
  3. Osmotic
    • Pedia-Lax, Miralax
36
Q

Which of the following agents should be avoided in a patient receiving hemodialysis?

A

Saline laxatives

  • Fleet Enema, Phillips Milk of Mag
  • avoid in patients with renal failure

saline laxatives are famous for electrolyte imbalance, the magnesium will build up and cause magnesium toxicity.

37
Q

Which of the following agents should be avoided in a patient with opioid induced constipation?

A

bulk forming agents

(Metamucil, Konsyl, Citrucel, Fibercon)

38
Q

Which of the following should not be used with mineral oil?

A

Emollients

(Colace, Surfak)

39
Q

Which of the following agents causes electrolyte imbalance?

A

saline

(Fleet enema, Philips Milk of Mag)

40
Q

Which agent should be avoided in children?

A

Stimulants

(Sennokot, Ex. Lax, Dulcolax)

41
Q

Which agent has the potential for weight loss abuse?

A

Stimulants

(Sennokot, Ex.Lax, Dulcolax)

42
Q

Which of the following decreases absorption of fat soluble vitamins (DAKE)?

A

Lubricants

(Mineral Oil)

43
Q

Which is the drug of choice in pediatrics?

A

Osmotics

(Pedia-Lax, Miralax)

44
Q

Which agent should be taken with at least 8 ounces of water?

A

bulk forming agents

(Metamucil, Konsyl, Citrucel, Fibercon)

45
Q

Which agent contains the comment: dissolve powder in 4-8 ounces of water?

A

Miralax

(an osmotic laxative)

46
Q

Which agent is a good choice for prevention of constipation?

A

Emollients

(Colace, Surfak)

47
Q

Which laxatives are not safe to use in pregnancy?

A
  1. Lubricants
    • Mineral oil
  2. Saline
    • Fleet enema, Milk of Mag, Magnesium citrate
  3. Stimulants
    • Sennokot, Ex. Lax, Dulcolax
48
Q

Which agent causes severe cramping and bad taste?

A

Castor oil

(a stimulant laxative)

49
Q

Which agent increases anal leakage?

A

Lubricants

(mineral oil)

50
Q

Which agent is ideal for patients who should not strain (patients with myocardial infarction and those who are pregnant)?

A

Emollients

(Colace, Surfak)

51
Q

Which agent contains the caution: Remove suppository from foil wrap before inserting into rectum?

A

Pedia-Lax

(an osmotic laxative)

52
Q

Which agent should not be taken within 1 hour after taking milk or antacids?

A

Stimulants

(Sennokot, Ex.Lax, Dulcolax)

53
Q

Which agent should be used near the toilet?

A

Salines

(Fleet Enema, Philips Milk of Mag)

54
Q

Which agent should be avoided in patients with fluid restriction?

A

bulk forming agents

(Metamucil, Konsyl, Citrucel, Fibercon)

55
Q

Which agent may induce premature labor?

A

Stimulants

(Sennokot, Ex.Lax, Dulcolax)

56
Q

Which agent increases aspirational pneumonia with prolonged use?

A

lubricants

(Mineral Oil)

57
Q

Which agent causes abdominal cramping and dehydration?

A

salines

(Fleet Enema, Phillips Milk of Mag)

58
Q

Which agent should be avoided in patients with congestive heart failure, edema, renal failure, pregnancy, and children less than 2 years old?

A

Salines

(Fleet Enema, Phillips Milk of Mag)

Self-Care I Final (1 decks)

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