Week 6 - Nutrition and Hydration Flashcards
(6 cards)
What factors influence nutrition?
Age: Nutritional needs vary by life stage (infants, children, adults, elderly).
Gender: Men and women may have different caloric and nutritional needs based on biological differences.
Health Status: Chronic illnesses can affect dietary needs and restrictions (e.g., diabetes, heart disease).
Cultural Beliefs: Influence food choices and dietary restrictions (e.g., vegetarianism, religious fasting).
Socioeconomic Status: Access to nutritious food can be limited by financial constraints; food deserts can impact diet quality.
What nursing interventions promote optimal nutrition and hydration?
Conduct nutritional assessments.
Provide education on healthy eating.
Encourage fluid intake.
Assess dietary preferences.
Collaborate with dietitians.
How do you measure and analyze body weight, BMI, and waist circumference?
Body Weight: Measured using calibrated scales.
BMI Calculation: Weight (kg) / height (m²). (normal range is 18.5-24.9, indicating a healthy weight.)
Waist Circumference: Measured at the narrowest point.
What is the normal range for blood glucose?
Normal: 4-8 mmol/L.
Hypoglycaemia: <4 mmol/L. (symptoms include shakiness, sweating, confusion, irritability, and can lead to severe complications if untreated.)
Hyperglycaemia: >8 mmol/L. (symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and can indicate poorly managed diabetes.)
What are the fundamental numeracy concepts associated with fluid balance?
Understanding Input and Output Measurements: Total input (fluids consumed) should equal total output (fluids excreted) for balance.
Calculating Fluid Balance: Total input - Total output = Fluid balance; helps assess hydration status.
Monitoring Hydration Status: Adjust care plans based on fluid balance calculations to prevent dehydration or fluid overload.
What are the care needs of a person with dementia?
Maintain safety and provide structure.
Use clear communication.
Engage in familiar activities.
Involve family members in care planning.
