week 6 respiratory

Question 1

Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure definition

Answer 1

Severe arterial hypoxemia refractory to supplemental o2
Partial pressure of arterial O2 (pao2) less than 60
Arterial O2 saturation (Sa02) less than 90.

Question 2

Derangement in Respiratory function

Answer 2

VQ mismatch
Low inspired o2 partial pressure
alveolar hypoventilation
diffusion impairment
Right-to-left shunting

Question 3

Diagnostic test for Acute respiratory failure

Answer 3

ABG
CXR/CT
CBC
Pan-culture
Serum chemistries- HCO3, electrolytes, inflammatory markers
EKG/2D echo
Bronchoscopy
PFT

Question 4

indications for mechanical ventilation

Answer 4

apnea
respiratory arrest
haemodynamic instability
Pao2 <60

Question 5

HYPERCAPNIA/HYPERCARBIA

Answer 5

increased co2 in the blood
CO2 retention

Question 6

Refractory Hypoxemia

Answer 6

Significantly low O2 sat even with support

Question 7

Type I respiratory failure definition

Answer 7

less than 1 week
Acute Hypoxic Respiratory failure
Arterial pH < 7.25
Hypercarbia/hypercapnia

Question 8

Type II Respiratory Failure

Answer 8

hypercapnic respiratory failure
caused by alveolar hypoventilation > inability to eliminate CO2
Respiratory acidosis
PH <7.35, PaCO2 >45
No chronic CO2 retention

Question 9

Causes of Type II respiratory failure

Answer 9

Impaired CNS
Impaired neuromascular function
Increased loads in the respiratory system