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ICM Exam 1 > Week 6 - Sensitive Exams > Flashcards

Week 6 - Sensitive Exams Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

2 ROS Questions

A
  1. Any skin changes, pain, or nipple discharge?

2. Any problems or changes with your urination?

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2
Q

Gravida

A

Total number of pregnancies

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3
Q

Term

A

Number of pregnancies that ended at 38 weeks

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4
Q

Preterm

A

Number of pregnancies that ended between 20-37 weeks

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5
Q

Abortions

A

Number of pregnancies that ended prior to 20 weeks

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6
Q

What might a “Peau D’Orange” breast be caused by?

A

Blocked lymph drainage in advance or inflmmatory breast cancer

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7
Q

Should venous patterns be symmetric in the breasts?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Light-Skinned Women Areola Chagnes

A

Turns brown with first pregnancy and remains dark

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9
Q

Dark-Skinned Women Areola Changes

A

Brown before pregnancy

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10
Q

Montogmery Tubercles

A

Sebaceous glands on areola of breast that lubricate during breast-feeding

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11
Q

What should the nipples be free of?

A
  1. Crusting
  2. Cracking
  3. Discharge
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12
Q

Areola color variations

A

Light pink to very dark brown or black

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13
Q

Are supernumerary nipples more common in black or white women? Where are they often located?

A

Black; embryonic mammary line or “milk line”

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14
Q

What are supernumery nipples possibly associated with? Particulary in who?

A

Congenital renal or cardiac anomalies; whites

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15
Q

Arms over head or flexed behind the neck promote what? Seated and leaning forward?

A

Suspensory ligaments, dimpling

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16
Q

How do we assess pectoral muscles?

A

Seated with hands pressed against hips with shoulders rolled forward

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17
Q

Where do we systematically palpate?

A
  1. Breasts
  2. Axillae
  3. Supraclavicular/infraclavicular regions
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18
Q

How should the breasts feel?

A

Dense, firm, and elastic

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19
Q

When are changes in breasts least noticeable?

A

Week after menses

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20
Q 
Cancer of breast for:
Number
Shape
Consistency
Mobility
A
  1. Single
  2. Irregular or stellate
  3. Hard, stonelike
  4. Fixed
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21
Q

What does Tanner Stages describe?

A
  1. Breast development
  2. Pubic hair distibution
  3. Growth and maturation of genitalia
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22
Q

Stage 1 Tanner

A

Prepubertal state

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23
Q

Stage 5 Tanner

A

Adult development

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24
Q

What would UNILATERAL labial swelling, redness, or tenderness indicate?

A

Bartholin Gland Infection

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25
Normal clitoris size
2cm in length and 0.5cm in diameter; increase in this could be masculinizing condition
26
2 Glands we look for in the vagina
1. Skene glands (up top) | 2. Bartholin glands
27
Cystocele
Hernial protrusion of urinary bladder through anterior wall of vagina
28
More severe cystocele's are accompanied by what?
Urinary stress incontinence
29
What is a rectocele seen as?
Bulge on posterior wall of vagina; hernia of part of rectum
30
What is "Chadwick's Sign"?
Bluish color (vascular) of cervix, possible sign of pregnancy
31
What is a pale cervix associated with?
Anemia
32
Bacterial Discharge
Odor w/ color varying from white to yellow, green, or gray
33
Difference in vaginal walls for premenopausal/post
``` Pre = tugae on walls Post = smooth walls ```
34
How big should the uterus be?
5.5-8cm
35
3 things associated with large uterus
1. Pregnancy 2. Fibroid 3. Tumor
36
Should the uterus be midline? If not?
Yes; possible adhesions, pelvic masses, or pregnancy
37
Ovaries size?
3X2X1cm
38
What would cause an extremely tight spincter?
1. Anxiety about examination 2. Scarring 3. Spasticity caused by fissures, lesions, or inflammation
39
What would cause a lax sphincter?
Neurological deficit
40
Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans of the penis (could cause foreskin to not be retractable)
41
When is Balanitis most commonly seen?
Men with poorly contolled diabetes
42
Priapasm
Erection lasting longer than 4 hours
43
When could Priapasm occur when not idiopathic?
Leukemia, hemoglobinopathies, sickle cell, medications
44
Which testicle should be further down?
L; longer spermatic cord
45
What does thickness of scrotum vary with?
Temp and age
46
Irregular size of testes could be what?
1. Infection 2. Cyst (spermatocele of epididymis) 3. Tumor
47
What could an unsmooth vas derens be caused by?
Diabetes or TB
48
What can cause perianal irritation?
1. Fungal infection (more common in adults) | 2. Pinworms (more common in children)
49
When is the best time to visualize pinworms?
While they are asleep
50
Perianal Abscess
Collection of pus outside anus
51
What are nodules in the anus called?
Shelf lesions
52
Where are the shelf lesions?
Just above prostate in men and in cul-de-sac of females
53
Size of prostate?
4cm with 1cm protrusion into rectum
54
Should the prostate be tender?
No
55
How is prostate classified?
Amount of protrusion into rectum
56
Grades of Prostate Enlargement
1: 1-2cm 2. 2-3cm 3. 3-4cm 4. >4cm
57
Do we have pre-test dietary restrictions in FIT? (fecal immunochemical test) Percentages?
No; sens=5-63% and spec = 95-98%
58
Stool DNA test?
No pre-test dietary restrictions; should be done every 3 years
59
Stool DNA test percentages?
Sens = 93% and Spec = 87%
60
What does a positive guaiac-based FOBT test indicate?
Abnormal bleeding somehwere in digestive tract
61
FIT postive test
Abnormal bleeding in lower GI tract
62
What does FIT only detect?
Human Hgb; other souces of blood don't make for positive test
63
Hgb from upper digestive tract bleeding
Broken down into other elemetnst before it reaches lower digestive tract

ICM Exam 1 (7 decks)

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