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Top 200 Drugs > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Aldactone

A

Brand: Aldactone
Generic: spironolactone
Class: antihypertensive, potassium sparing diuretic,
mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) receptor antagonists
Indication: ascites, heart failure w/ reduced ejection fraction, hypertension, primary hyperaldosteronism
Counseling points:
- Take early in the day due to diuretic response
- May cause gynecomastia in males and menstrual irregularities in women
- Avoid potassium supplements and foods high in potassium including salt substitutes containing potassium, take with food to decrease GI irritation and to increase absorption

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2
Q

Niaspan, Slo-Niacin

A

Brand: Niaspan, Slo-Niacin
Generic: niacin
Class: antilipemic agent, water soluble vitamin
Indication: dyslipidemia, dietary supplement
Counseling points:
- Take at bedtime with a low-fat snack
- Avoid hot drinks around the time of niacin dose
- Flushing, most common side effect, may be decreased by ASA or NSAIDs taken 30 min before dose
- Avoid using more than 2 g per day because of risk of hepatotoxicity
- Long acting forms should not be crushed, broken, or chewed
- Do not substitute long-acting forms for immediate release
- When switching from immediate release, initiate Niaspan at lower dose and titrate

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3
Q

Hygroton, Thalitone

A 
Brand: Hygroton, Thalitone
Generic: chlorthalidone
Class: thiazide related diuretic, antihypertensive
Indication: edema, hypertension
Counseling points:
- Take early in the day due to diuretic response
- Take with food
- May cause photosensitivity
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4
Q

Lasix

A 
Brand: Lasix
Generic: furosemide
Class: loop diuretic, antihypertensive
Indication: edema
Counseling points:
- Take early in the day due to diuretic response
- May be taken with or without food
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5
Q

Esidrix

A

Brand: Esidrix
Generic: hydrochlorothiazide
Class: thiazide diuretic, antihypertensive
Indication: edema, hypertension
Counseling points:
- Counsel on signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia, photosensitivity
- May cause hypotension

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6
Q

Dyazide, Maxzide

A

Brand: Dyazide, Maxzide
Generic: triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide
Class: potassium sparing diuretic and thiazide diuretic
Indication: hypertension, edema
Counseling points:
- Take early in the day due to diuretic response
- Take after a meal to avoid stomach upset
- Avoid potassium supplements and foods high in potassium including salt substitutes containing potassium
- May cause photosensitivity

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7
Q

Cordarone

A

Brand: Cordarone
Generic: amiodarone
Class: antiarrhythmic agent, class III
Indication: ventricular arrhythmias
Counseling points:
- Interacts with multiple drugs (CYP 450 and P-glycoprotein)
- Avoid grapefruit juice
- Take into account very long half-life of 40-50 d
- May cause thyroid problems, hypotension, bradycardia, QTc prolongation, hepatic, and pulmonary damage possible
- If GI intolerance occurs with single-dose therapy, use twice daily dosing
- Notify MD of jaundice, dark urine, problems in breathing
- May cause photosensitivity
- Protects skin from exposure to natural or artificial light
- Should be taken consistently with or without food

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8
Q

Catapres

A

Brand: Catapres
Generic: clonidine
Class: alpha2-adrenergic agonist, antihypertensive
Indication: ADHD, hypertension
Counseling points:
- May cause drowsiness and dry eyes
- Do not discontinue abruptly; if needed gradually reduce dose over 2-4 days to avoid rebound hypertension
- May be taken without regard to food
- TTS: Instruct patients for proper use of transdermal therapeutic system: Applying new patch every 7 d, rotating application sites, common skin reactions, and proper disposal out of reach of children and pets

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9
Q

Apresoline

A 
Brand: Apresoline
Generic: hydralazine
Class: vasodilator, antihypertensive
Indication: hypertension
Counseling points:
- May cause diarrhea, loss of appetite, n/v
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10
Q

Lipitor

A

Brand: Lipitor
Generic: atorvastatin
Class: antilipemic agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Indication: hypercholesterolemia, prevents ACD
Counseling points:
- Myalgias, rhabdomyolysis caution
- Report muscle pain or weakness, brown urine, jaundice to provider ASAP
- Can be taken any time of the day, with or without food, avoid grapefruit juice
- Multiple drug interactions (CYP 450)
- Pregnancy category X

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11
Q

Zetia

A 
Brand: Zetia
Generic: ezetimibe
Class: antilipemic agent, 2-azetidinon
Indication: hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia
Counseling points:
- May cause arthralgias or myalgia
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12
Q

Tricor, Lofibra

A

Brand: Tricor, Lofibra
Generic: fenofibrate
Class: antilipemic agent, fibric acid
Indication: hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia
Counseling points:
- Myalgias, rhabdomyolysis caution (especially in combination w/statins)
- Report muscle pain or weakness, brown urine to provider ASAP

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13
Q

Lopid

A

Brand: Lopid
Generic: gemfibrozil
Class: antilipemic agent, fibric acid
Indication: hypertriglyceridemia
Counseling points:
“Should be taken 30 min before breakfast and dinner
Myalgias, rhabdomyolysis caution (especially in combination w/statins)
Report muscle pain or weakness, brown urine to provider ASAP
Risk of gallstones”

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14
Q

Lovaza

A

Brand: Lovaza
Generic: omega-3
Class: antilipemic agent
Indication: hypertriglyceridemia
Counseling points:
- May cause burping and fishy taste, taking with food may help
- May prolong bleeding time and cause increased risk of bleeds with drugs affecting coagulation such as warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel

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15
Q

Tenormin

A

Brand: Tenormin
Generic: atenolol
Class: antianginal agent, antihypertensive, beta-1 selective beta-blocker
Indication: acute MI, angina, hypertension
Counseling points:
- May cause drowsiness and mask hypoglycemia
- Do not discontinue therapy abruptly
- May be taken with or without food

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16
Q

Vestril

A

Brand: Vestril
Generic: lisinopril
Class: ACE inhibitor, antihypertensive
Indication: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, hypertension, ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Counseling points:
- Risk of dry cough, angioedema, and hyperkalemia
- Salt substitutes containing potassium should be avoided
- Possible first-dose hypotension especially in hypovolemia and CHF
- Black box warning: fetal toxicity.
- May be taken with or without food

17
Q

Atacand

A

Brand: Atacand
Generic: candesartan
Class: angiotensin II receptor blocker, antihypertensive
Indication: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, hypertension
Counseling points:
- Risk of dry cough, angioedema, and hyperkalemia
- Salt substitutes containing potassium should be avoided
- Possible first-dose hypotension especially in hypovolemia and CHF
- Black box warning: fetal toxicity.
- May be taken with or without food

18
Q

Cardizem, Dilacor XR, Taztia, Tiazac

A

Brand: Cardizem, Dilacor XR, Taztia, Tiazac
Generic: diltiazem
Class: antianginal agent, antiarrhythmic agent- Class IV
antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker- non-dihydropyridine
Indication: oral- hypertension, angina; injection- afib
Counseling points:
- May cause dizziness.
- Take IR products before meals. LA products with or without food
- Do not crush long acting forms
- Tiazac and Taztia may be opened and sprinkled on a spoonful of applesauce; the applesauce should be swallowed without chewing, followed by a glass of water
- CYP 450 drug interactions (mostly 3A4)

19
Q

Plendil

A 
Brand: Plendil
Generic: felodipine
Class: antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker- dihydropyridine
Indication: hypertension
Counseling points:
- Without food or a light meal 
- May cause dizziness or hypotension 
- Avoid sudden discontinuation 
- Avoid grapefruit 
- Avoid alcohol
20
Q

Calan, Isoptin

A

Brand: Calan, Isoptin
Generic: verapamil
Class: antianginal agent, antiarrhythmic agent- Class IV
antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker- non-dihydropyridine
Indication: hypertension, angina, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia prophylaxis
Counseling points:
- May cause dizziness
- Do not discontinue therapy without MD consult
IR products may be taken with or without food, but SR products should be taken with food

21
Q

Lanoxin

A

Brand: Lanoxin
Generic: digoxin
Class: antiarrhythmic agent, cardiac glycoside
Indication: rate control for afib, HFrEF
Counseling points:
- Narrow therapeutic index drug.
- Interacts with multiple drugs
- Caution for signs/symptoms of digoxin toxicity (anorexia, nausea, fatigue, vision disturbances, bradycardia, arrhythmias)
- Maintain adequate potassium in diet to decrease risk of hypokalemia and digoxin toxicity
- May be taken with or without food

22
Q

Welchol

A

Brand: Welchol
Generic: colesevelam
Class: antilipemic agent, bile acid sequestrant
Indication: type 2 diabetes, primary hyperlipidemia
Counseling points:
- Advise female patients to take oral contraceptives at least 4 hours before (if of child bearing potential)
- May cause NA, nausea, fatigue
- Take with MEAL and liquid

Top 200 Drugs (9 decks)

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