Week 7 Flashcards
Dialect levelling
Reduction of differences distinguishing regional dialects or accents. Possible outcome of contact between speakers of different variables
Quotative verbs
Verbs introducing direct and indirect speech or thought. Inc say, think, be like, be all
Evidentials
Forms or structures that provide an indication of how the speaker knows the information being conveyed (eg direct experience, reports from 3rd party)
Globalisation
The increased contact between ppl of different social and linguistic backgrounds across geographical space.
lingua franca
Language used as a common means of communication among people whose native languages are mutually unintelligible
pidgin
A language variety that is not very complex, used in restricted domains. Has no native speakers.
creole
Language variety arising from language contact. Is first language of some people, and is used in all domains language can be used in.
expanded pidgin
Pidgins that have been around for a long time but don’t have native speakers
vernacularisation
Process by which a contact variety comes to be used in all domains. Also the linguistic changes involved in this expansion.
creolisation
process by which a pidgin becomes the first language of a group of speakers
lexifier
the language that has provided most of the vocabulary to a pidgin or creole
substrate
the languages other than the lexifier that provide the grammar and sometimes semantics of the creole/pidgin
wave models
the theory that language change emanates from a single starting point and is gradually incorporated into the speech of the nearest neighbours
gravity model
model of diffusion of innovations, wherein they ‘hop’ between large population centres in a discontinuous manner. the larger a city/town, the sooner an innovation is going to turn up there.
acts of identity
LePage’s proposal that intraspeaker variation is a result of the speaker’s desire to present a different social identity under different circumstances.
