week 7

Question 1

which part of the eyelid is the most moveable

Answer 1

upper eyelid

Question 2

what are the sections of the upper eyelid

Answer 2

Orbital region – extends over the orbit
Tarsal region
Between = orbitaopalpebral sulci
Preseptal part
Pretarsal part

Question 3

what is the gap between the eyelid

Answer 3

palpable aperture

Question 4

what does the punctum do

Answer 4

where tears drain away

Question 5

what is the lachrymal region

Answer 5

towards the back and sandwhiches the tears

Question 6

Eyelid layers

how many layers in epidermis layer

Answer 6

6/7 layers of epithelial skin cells

Question 7

what glands are in the skin layer

Answer 7

glands of zeis + moll - oily secretion to keep skin soft and hairs soft to keep moisturised
sweat glands to keep the skin cool

Question 8

name of eyelashes

Answer 8

cilium
10 weeks to grow back
dont stand up when its cold

Question 9

what muscles close the eye

Answer 9

orbicularis oculi muscle

Question 10

what does the frontalis muscle do

Answer 10

Controls the upper part the eyelid if the levator doesn’t work

Question 11

what does the orbital part of the eye do

Answer 11

responsible for forcing the eye shut

Question 12

what does the Levator palpebrae superioris muscle do

Answer 12

lifts the eyelid up

Question 13

what does the muscle of riolan do

Answer 13

Provides muscle power or tension to the ends of the eye so they don’t flap around

Question 14

what is tarsal muscle

Answer 14

smooth muscle
controlled by TNS

Question 15

what are the tarsal plate seperated into

Answer 15

superior
inferior

Question 16

what is the tarsal plate made up of

Answer 16

dense connective tissue to provide shape to the eyelid

Question 17

what do the tarsal glands do

Answer 17

produce oily substance for tear film to prevent tears from evaporating

if blocked up it can produce Meibomian gland dysfunction

Question 18

what does the orbital septum do

connected to tarsal plate/connected to periorbita

Answer 18

keeps orbital contents in the orbit

Question 19

sections of the conjunctiva

draw it

Answer 19

marginal
tarsal
palpebral
upper fornix
bulbar
limbal

Question 20

what is the marginal conjunctiva

Answer 20

where skin meets the conjunctiva

Question 21

what does the tarsal conjunctiva do

Answer 21

where nutrients form in front of cornea

Question 22

what does the palebral conjunctiva do

Answer 22

glands near the fornix contain mucus producing globlet cells to help tear film stick to microvilli

Question 23

what do lacrimal glands produce

Answer 23

watery part of the tear film

Question 24

what glands produce also produce the watery part of the tear film

Answer 24

glands of krause and glands of wolfing

Question 25

what is the structure of the upper fornix

Answer 25

bends back on itself

Question 26

where does the bulbar conjunctiva sit

Answer 26

sits on the roundest part of the eye

Question 27

what is the limbal conjunctiva

Answer 27

last section

Question 28

what are the 3 phases of tear film

Answer 28

oily phase
watery phase
mucus phase

Question 29

how do tears drain

Answer 29

tears pass across the cornea in the lacrimal rivers

Question 30

what structures are invoved in tear drainage

Answer 30

punctum
ampulla
caliculu
sinus of Maier
lacrimal sac
into the naso-lacrimal duct which drains through the valve of hesner into the nasal meatus

Question 31

stage 1 of the lacrimal pump

eye open

Answer 31

orbicularis oculi muscle relaxed
tears drawn to punctum by capillary action
expansion of the canaliculi

Question 32

stage 2 of the lacrimal pump

eye closed

Answer 32

contraction of
orbicularis muscle
horners muscle
preseptal part of orbicularis causing expansion of lacrimal sac drawing tears from canaliculi
valve of hasner closes preventing backflow

Question 33

stage 3 of lacrimal pump

eye opens

Answer 33

contraction of lacrimal sac
tears to neolacrimal duct then nasal meatus

Question 34

tubuloracemose structure

Answer 34

consists of small sacs lined with secreting cells
small tubes link acini to form lobules