Week 7 - Language Perception Flashcards
1
Q
Define and explain the speech signal
A
- Understanding speech starts with processing speech sounds
- Auditory signals vary across pitch and intensity : early speech processing involves detecting and recognising phonemes
2
Q
Define and explain segmentation problems
A
- Difficulty separating / distinguish words from speech sounds due to nature of speech signals
- Solved through cues based on identifying words , phonetics and pronunciation , and emphasis on first syllable
3
Q
Define the word superiority effect
A
- Easier to recognise a letter in a word than non-word
4
Q
Define semantic priming
A
- Faster deciding a word when a word is preceded by a related word (eg. Nurse then Doctor)
- Context is important
5
Q
5 research methods used to investigate word recognition
A
- LEXICAL DECISION TASK: is x a word? Yes or no
- NAMING TASK: Say a word as fast as possible
- EYE TRACKING
- PRIMING: Indirect comparison of preceded prime word
- NEUROIMAGING: Neural activity
6
Q
Supporting evidence for word recognition
A
+ Lexical Decision Errors Task : read homophones (words that sound the same as other words) and measure mistakes
+ Phonological dyslexia : can’t pronounce words but understand
7
Q
Define prosodic and punctuation cues
A
- Prosodic = pitch, stress (speech)
- Punctuation= periods, commas (reading)
8
Q
Define global and local level ambiguities
A
- Global = 1+ interpretation possible for whole sentence, ambiguous meaning until context revealed
- Local = need context for sentance but not whole conversation, only temporary interpretation
9
Q
Define garden path sentences
A
Initial interpretation in parsing is incorrect
Sentance needs to be reinterpreted
10
Q
Evidence for serial models
A
- Garden path sentences LEAD to errors
- words are assigned roles before meaning
11
Q
Evidence for parallel models
A
- Implausible garden path phrases are understood more quickly
- Words assigned roles same time as meaning
