Week 7 (MIDTERM) Flashcards
are images painted on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to prehistoric times.
Cave or rock paintings
Examples of Rocks and Cave
Cave Paintings
Petroglyphs
Geoglyphs
is a graphical symbol that represents an idea, rather than a group of letters arranged according to the phonemes of a spoken language, as is done in alphabetic languages
Ideograms
Examples of this include wayfinding signage, such as in airports and other environments where many people may not be familiar with the language of the place they are in, as well as Arabic numerals and mathematical notation, which are used worldwide regardless of how they are pronounced in different languages.
Ideograms
This term is commonly used to describe logographic writing systems such as Egyptian hieroglyphs and Chinese characters. However, symbols in logographic systems generally represent words or morphemes rather than pure ideas.
Ideograms
It is the source for all the modern scripts of Europe.
Greek Alphabet
The History of the Greek alphabet starts with the adoption of __________ and continues to the present day.
Pheonician Letterforms
It was strictly speaking an abjad in other words it represented only consonants.
Pheonician Alphabet
This arrangement is much less suitable for Greek than for Semitic languages and several of the Phoenician consonants, representing sounds or distinctions not present in Greek, were adapted to represent vowels; consequently the Greek alphabet can be considered to be the world’s first true alphabet.
Pheonician Alphabet
The majority of surviving manuscripts are from the Middle Ages, although many illuminated manuscripts survive from the ___________, along with a very limited number from late antiquity.
15th Century Renaissance
The majority of these manuscripts are of a ___________.
Religious Nature
especially from 13th century onward, an increasing number of secular texts were _______.
Illuminated
Most illuminated manuscripts were created as ________, although many illuminated manuscripts were rolls or single sheets.
Codices
A very few illuminated manuscript fragments survive on ______.
Papyrus
Most medieval manuscripts, illuminated or not, were written on parchment _________, ______, _______. Beginning in the late Middle Ages manuscripts began to be produced on paper.
Vellum (calf skin)
Goat skin
Sheep Skin
whereby individual sheets of paper were pressed into wooden blocks with the text and illustrations carved into them, was first recorded in Chinese history, and was in use in East Asia long before Gutenberg.
Block Printing
By the 12th and 13th centuries, many Chinese libraries contained tens of thousands of printed books. The Chinese and Koreans knew about _________at the time, but because of the complexity of the printing it was not as widely used as in Renaissance Europe.
Moveable metal type
was a period in European history, from the 14th to the 17th century,
The Renaissance
regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history.
The Renaissance
It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age.
The Renaissance
was the major technological, socioeconomic and cultural change in the late 18th and early 19th century that began in Britain and spread throughout the world.
Industrial Revolution
During that time, an economy based on manual labour was replaced by one dominated by industry and the manufacture of machinery.
Industrial Revolution
It began with the mechanization of the textile industries and the development of iron-making techniques, and trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and then railways.
Industrial Revolution
The introduction of steam power (fuelled primarily by coal) and powered machinery (mainly in textile manufacturing) underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity.
Industrial Revolution
