Week 7 stuff Flashcards
What is the most common differential diagnosis of upper respiratory infections?
Allergic rhinitis
What is the treatment for URIs?
Symptomatic treatment. Antipyretics and analgesics for fever and rose throat, nasal decongestants to reduce nasal obstruction.
What are pulmonary changes in the elderly population?
Loss of alveolar surface area, decrease in # of cilia lining the airways, smoking adds chemical insult toe this as well.
What is the most common initial symptom of URI in the elderly population/
Acute confusion. It is more common than fever, pain or tachycardia
T or F: elders with URI will develop a fever and elevated WBC.
False. fever is not always present and leukocytosis may be minimal or absent even in serious conditions.
T or F: fever, sputum and cough are reliable symptoms of Pneumonia in an elderly patient.
False. elders may not have cough or sputum 2/2 to decreased cough reflex. lung sounds are often normal and the initial CXR is normal. the only sx may be a change in appetite and functional status.
How long does it take for a CXR to clear?
4 weeks
What is a pinguecula? is it harmless?
it is a nodule of scleral conjunctive that is usually on the nasal side of the conjunctive. it is harmless
What is a petergyium?
It is a wing-shaped fibrovascular conjunctival tissue growth and redness that potentially encroaches on the cornea.
What are important “don’t miss” symptoms to ask about when assessing Red Eye?
discharge, ocular pain, and vision change.
T or F: viral conjunctivitis has a generalized conjunctival injection pattern.
True
T or F: viral conjunctivitis usually involves only one eye.
False! its both.
T or F: viral conjunctivitis has mild ocular pruritus and/or a gritty sensation
True
T or F: viral conjunctivitis usually has a mucoid looking ocular discharge.
True
When can someone with red eye return to work or school?
When the eye discharge ceases.
What are the primary symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Unilateral (to start), purulent ocular discharge, it is usually without systemic signs or symptoms in adults.
If a patient wears contact lens, what bacteria should be covered and what antibiotic class should be prescribed?
Cover for Pseudomonas infection and prescribe a quinolones.
What are the primary causes of ophthalmia neonaturm?
gonococcal or chlamydia.
What are the s/s of Gonococcal conjunctivitis?
copious amounts of purulent discharge, preauricular adenopathy, usually is accompanied by GU or systemic s/s
What is blepharitis?
Inflammation of the structure of the lid margin and presents as lid-margins redness, scaling and crusting.
What is a Hordeolum?
inflammation or infection nodule of the meibomian glands (internal) or the glands of Zeis or lash follicles (external or sty)
What is a Chalazion?
Sterile, granulomatous inflammation of a Zeis or meibomian gland.
What is Acute Bacryocystitis?
inflammation of the tear ducts and/or lacrimal sales. focal tenderness to palpation and purulent discharge from tear duct with pressure.
What is the treatment for Blepharitis?
lid hygiene measures and topical antibiotics.
