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mythology > Week 8 > Flashcards

Week 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What defines a hero?

A

stronger, more powerful, more beautiful, and more courageous
than the ordinary human

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2
Q

Pre-Trojan War Heroes

A

Heracles
Jason and the Argonauts
Theseus
Perseus
the Calydonian Boar hunters
the Seven against Thebes

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3
Q

Trojan War Heroes

A

Odysseus
Achilles
Aeneas

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4
Q

explain the reason for the Trojan War

A

a war fought between Greeks and Trojans, because a Trojan prince
(Paris Alexander) had stolen Helen, the wife of a Greek king
(Menelaus)

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5
Q

Roman Heroes

A

Aeneas
Romulus
Julius Caesar

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6
Q

who is Known for his strength, club, bow, lion skin
Performed 12 labors

A

Hercules

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7
Q

what are the two fates of Achilles

A

he could live gloriously and die young,
live quietly and die old

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8
Q

Who is the greatest warrior on the Greek side
main character of the Iliad
The greatest warrior on the

A

Achilles

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9
Q

Which poetry
the most serious type of poetry
heroic: deeds of mytho-historic heroes
mythological: tales of gods and demigods
historical: poems relating historic, generally non-
mythological events
didactic: “teaching” the poetry

A

Epic poetry

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10
Q

Which poetry
developed its distinctive form in 5th century Athens
almost all surviving tragedies and comedies were
written in 5th century Athens

A

Greek Drama poetry

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11
Q

Which poetry
Non-poetic writing starts as purely practical – lists, inscriptions, receipts. Even the earliest philosophers usually wrote in poetry rather than prose

A

History poetry

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12
Q

Which poetry
Life stories
Usually have moral goals as well

A

Biography poetry

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13
Q

Hercules fits some of the general conditions for a hero’s birth and
family what are they

A
  • his mother is a princess
  • his father is a god
  • his divine father tricks his mother into sex
  • his mother suffers
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14
Q

What ate 12 labors of heracles

A
  1. The Nemean Lion
  2. The Hydra
  3. The Ceryneian Hind
  4. The Erymanthian Boar
  5. The Augean Stables
  6. Stymphalian Birds
  7. Cretan Bul
  8. Mares of Diomedes
  9. Girdle of Hippolyte
  10. Geryon
  11. Apples of Hesperides
  12. Cerberus
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15
Q

the ______ had poisonous breath

A

Hydra

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16
Q

Heracles and the Apples of the
Hesperides

A

The Hesperides, daughters of Night
They guarded a tree which
grew golden apples
The tree was guarded by the
serpent Ladon

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17
Q

Their sister is ____, goddess of
rainbows

A

Iris

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18
Q

_________The study of peoples/tribes/groups

A

Ethnography

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19
Q

_____ are storm deities, the
daughters of Thaumas
and the grandchildren of the
Earth and Sea
They are hostile spirits who
carry off the living

A

Harpies

20
Q

Great Grandson of Hermes
Favoured hero of Hera
He goes on a quest to regain his throne after his uncle had wrongfully
taken it from his father
His quest is to find the Golden Fleece, and he travels on the first ship,
the Argo, with a band of heroes to find it.

A

Jason

21
Q

Aeëtes gives Jason a challenge what are they

A
  • harness bulls with bronze hooves
  • plow the field
  • plant the serpent’s teeth
  • defeat the earth-born warriors
22
Q

What heros are involved in The Calydonian Boar Hunt

A

Dioscuri, Jason, Peleus,
Theseus and Pirithoüs, Iphiclesand Atalanta

23
Q

What makes Jason an anti-hero?

A

Has personality traits traditionally assigned to villains or unheroic people.

24
Q

The heroes are hunting
“_______” animals

A

monstrous

25
Q

What are the characteristics that make a creature (or person) a monster?

A
  • they may be too big
  • they may have too many body parts
  • They may have body parts from multiple animals or a combination of humans and animals
26
Q

Two Distinct Eras of Greek Warfare

A

Bronze and Dark Ages: Unorganized bands in warfare, with individual challenges.
Archaic and Classical Periods: Hoplite warfare, fought as a cohesive team for the glory of the polis.

27
Q

_______disciplined fighting unit, heavily armoured, each
man pays for his own armour and weapons

A

phalanx

28
Q

_______ Similar to the phalanx, but with
more advanced training and
equipment

A

Legionary fighting

29
Q

kleos and geras

A

kleos: glory/reputation
geras: war-prize, an outward sign of a man’s honour

30
Q

_______ are for transportation, not combat

A

chariots

31
Q

_______ is Achilles’ prize

A

Breseis

32
Q

Under the protection of Diana,
goddess of the hung
She was fed by a mare as a baby
She is not an Amazon but her
status as a female warrior
makes her like an Amazon, and
she is compared to them

A

Camilla

33
Q

______ presents himself as an
infallible general who undertook
necessary wars in the interest of
the Roman people

A

Caesar

34
Q

______ hero’s journey to the
underworld

A

Katabasis

35
Q

How and why does Hercules die?

A

Heracles cannot endure the pain and finally casts himself on a pyre on Mt. Oeta

36
Q

*Why would a hero undertake a katabasis?
What does he gain from it?

A

To vist the underworld.
Heroes are commemorated after their
deaths, and some of them make the
transition from hero to god

37
Q

How does the death of Caesar illustrate the
Roman hostility to monarchy?

A

He was killed by group of senators because they felt like he was trying to make himself king

38
Q

_______ is when a human becomes a god

A

Apotheosis

39
Q

Hercules marries _____, goddess of youth

A

Hebe

40
Q

most well-known for defeating
the Minotaur in the Labyrinth on Crete

A

Theseus

41
Q

_____ was driven out of Athens

A

Hippias

42
Q

divus and deus

A

divine
god

43
Q

emperor is referred to as ____
and not _____

A

divus
deus

44
Q

______ a glorious battle in which a
hero displays his courage and virtue

A

Aristeia

45
Q

_________ are a popular
narrative in modern culture

A

Succession myths

mythology (8 decks)

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